1. Chapter 2 Information Systems in Organizations
Information Systems Ninth Edition Ralph M. Stair and George W. Reynolds
Chapter 2
Information Systems in Organizations

2. Organizations and Information Systems
Organization: collection of people and other resources established to accomplish a set of goals
An organization is a system
Inputs: resources (materials, people, money)
Outputs: goods or services
Information Systems, Ninth Edition

3. Organizations and Information Systems (continued)
Figure 1.15: A General Model of an Organization
Information Systems, Ninth Edition

4. Organizations and Information Systems (continued)
Value chain: series (chain) of activities that includes inbound logistics, warehouse and storage, production, finished product storage, outbound logistics, marketing and sales, and customer service
Upstream management: management of raw materials, inbound logistics, and warehouse and storage facilities
Downstream management: management of finished product storage, outbound logistics, marketing and sales, and customer service
Information Systems, Ninth Edition

5. Organizations and Information Systems (continued)
Figure 1.16: The Value Chain of a Manufacturing Company
Information Systems, Ninth Edition

6. Organizations and Information Systems (continued)
Supply chain management (SCM)
Determines required supplies, needed quantities, processing, and shipment
Customer relationship management (CRM)
Helps company manage all aspects of customer encounters, including marketing, advertisement, sales, service, and maintaining loyalty
Information Systems, Ninth Edition

7. Organizational Structures
Organizational structure refers to organizational subunits and the way they relate to the overall organization.
Organizational structure depends on its goals and approach to management, and can affect how it views and uses information systems.
Types of organizational structure are:
Traditional
Project
Team
virtual
Information Systems, Ninth Edition

8. Careers In Information Systems
Degree programs
Degrees in information systems
Business degrees with a global or international orientation
Computer systems are making IS professionals’ work easier
Opportunities in information systems are not confined to single countries
Information Systems, Ninth Edition

9. Roles, Functions, and Careers in the IS Department
Primary responsibilities in information systems
Operations: focuses on the efficiency of IS functions
Systems development: focuses on development projects and ongoing maintenance and review
Support: provides user assistance, data administration, user training, and Web administration
Information Systems, Ninth Edition

10. Roles, Functions, and Careers in the IS Department (continued)
Figure 1.19: The Three Primary Responsibilities of Information Systems
Information Systems, Ninth Edition

11. Typical IS Titles and Functions
Chief Information Officer (CIO)
Employs IS department’s equipment and personnel to help the organization attain its goals
LAN administrators
Set up and manage the network hardware, software, and security processes
Information Systems, Ninth Edition

12. Typical IS Titles and Functions (continued)
Internet careers
Internet strategists and administrators
Internet systems developers
Internet programmers
Internet or Web site operators
Certification
Examples: Microsoft Certified Systems Engineer, Certified Information Systems Security Professional (CISSP), and Oracle Certified Professional
Information Systems, Ninth Edition

13. Other IS Careers
New and exciting careers have developed in security and fraud detection and prevention
Chief Information Security Officer
Chief Security Officer
Chief Privacy Officer
Working for a large consulting firm such as Accenture, IBM, and EDS
Developing or selling products for a hardware or software vendor
Video game development
Information Systems, Ninth Edition