1. CHAPTER VOCAB

2. 2 matching chromosomes that are the
Type of cell division used by organisms to grow bigger, repair injuries, and replace worn out cells.
mitosis
2 matching chromosomes that are the
same size, same shape, and carry genes
for the same traits.
HOMOLOGOUS

3. Cells that have 2 copies of each chromosome
Diploid or 2n
Type of division seen in bacteria
Binary fission

4. Type of nuclear division that produces 2 daughter cells that are genetically identical to the parent cell
mitosis
Type of nuclear division that produces four daughter cells that have ½ the number of chromosomes as the parent cell
meiosis

5. Cells that have only one copy of each chromosome
Haploid OR 1n
Repeating sequence of events that
cells go through during their lifetime
Cell cycle

6. Phase in which the DNA is copied
S or SYNTHESIS
DNA that is scrunched up into bundles
in a dividing cell
chromosomes

7. The production of mature eggs
oogenesis
The type of reproduction that involves the union of gametes and combines genetic material from 2 parents
Sexual reproduction

8. 2 identical arms that make up a chromosome
chromatids
DNA that is spread out in the nucleus of a non-dividing cell
chromatin

9. Reproductive cells like sperm or eggs
gametes
Pairing up of homologous chromosomes during Prophase I of meiosis
synapsis

10. The exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes
Crossing over
The pair of homologous chromosomes that forms during synapsis
tetrad

11. New mixtures of genetic material
Genetic recombination
The random separation of maternal and paternal chromosomes during Anaphase I.
Independent assortment

12. The production of mature sperm
spermatogenesis
Type of reproduction that does not
involve meiosis or joining of gametes and genetic material comes from only 1 parent
Asexual reproduction

13. Type of cell division used to produce gametes
Small cells produced during oogenesis when the cytoplasm divides unevenly which degenerate
Polar bodies
Type of cell division used to produce gametes
meiosis

14. The production of mature sperm
spermatogenesis
The type of reproduction that uses the genetic material from only 1 parent
Asexual reproduction

15. Programmed cell death; “Cell suicide” for the good of the organism
apoptosis
Small cells with little cytoplasm
produced during oogenesis
Polar bodies