1. Fencing

2. Activity
In your groups list the uses of fencing and the types of materials used in fencing.

3. The Purpose of Fencing Decorative Screening
Security (keeping in and out)
Privacy
Support/ shelter for plants

4. Post and wire

5. Activity
In your groups list where a post and wire fence would be suitable

6. Cont.....
Suitable for temporary boundary or hidden second fencing to keep pets in garden
Cheap and fairly quick to erect over large areas
Offers no security, needs maintenance yearly to tighten wires
Unattractive

7. Post and rail

8. Activity
In your group list where a post and rail fence would be suitable

9. Cont..... Suitable for a boundary fence Can be decorative
Cheap and easy to erect
Wind has little effect on it
Needs regular preservative application
Children will climb on it
Offers no security or privacy

10. Post and panel

11. Activity
In your group list where a post and panel fence would be suitable

12. Cont..... Good for domestic garden fencing
Provide privacy and security
Decorative
Relatively expensive to erect
Poor wind break
Shade out plants
Can be flimsy if cheap panels are used
Preservatives needed to prevent shrinkage of panels

13. Post and netting/chain link

14. Activity
In your group list where a post and netting fence would be suitable

15. Cont..... Provides garden security for pets and children
Little maintenance apart from tensioning wires
Can slump over time
Easy to cut through
Not attractive

16. Differences between fences
Post and wire
No internal support
Intermediate posts do not always need concreting in as they carry lighter load
Straining bars
Straining posts

17. Post and Rail
Some internal support
Rails give vertical rigidity
More units to keep at horizontal plane
Posts must go in first
Must start with the top rail and work down top ensure vertical post trueness is maintained

18. Post and mesh/chainlink
Cannot tension heavy gauge wire by hand
Have to use large straining bolts
Winding brackets usually supplied with angle iron posts

19. Finishing of details for fencing
Put caps on all posts to give some protection from water penetration and to add a decorative finish
Cut down panels for remaining gaps
Remove string lines
Reinstate levels
Remove any soil spill from the holes. Good soil can be spread on borders

20. Hazards with fencing Underground cables Service ducts in line of fence
Boggy ground
Pylons/poles in the way of fence
Service ducts straddling fence when building boundary fence
Precautions
Ensure thorough site inspection
Alter or avoid service covers e.g. build recess manhole covers
Incorporate design to fit in with obstacles, identify problems to clients and explain costing

21. Problems when fencing
No hard landscaping can ever be guaranteed to go trouble free. Some common fencing problems are:
Unexpected solids underground; often including old foundations or old fence post backfills. These need to be excavated and back filled in the normal; manner.
Tree roots; try and work around tree roots, if not possible, cut away the soil and see if it is possible to squeeze past. If it is not possible to get past the root without damaging it, either move the fence or more practical and more likely cut the root out.

22. Cont......
Boggy ground; digging post holes in a wet ground takes longer and makes a mess of the surrounding area, A dry mix should be used for the backfill to give it a better chance of going off. The post may fall over time and additional support props could be used to achieve greater stability.
Loose or over cultivated ground; if it is likely that the soil is going to be loose and crumbly, a whacker plate could be used to compact it but this is unlikely to really work. Digging larger holes and backfilling more cement will give greater stability to the fence.

23. Fence repairs

24. Dangerous fences: Splinters Broken kick boards Loose parts
Broken loose wire

25. Insecure fences Holes or gaps Panels not fixed Broken rails
Signs of rotting or splitting

26. Unattractive fences Signs of algae or moss
Structurally unstable (tilting posts and panels )
‘botched repairs’

27. Activity In your group from the site visit.
Identify the type of fencing
Assess the repairs needed
Estimate what materials are required to complete the repairs
Schedule the timings for the proposed works.