1. XXX City Police Department In-Service Training
Instructor

2. Instruction Topics O.C. Spray Baton Handcuffing
The purpose of this class is to provide instruction on the above topics for in-service training.

3. O.C. Spray
Oleoresin Capsicum

4. History
In 1974, the first commercial OC product for law enforcement was developed in the garage of a Florida home.
In the 1990’s the California Department of Justice & the California Enviromental Protection Agency conducted the most comprehensive test using;
A water based 10% formulation
A oil based 5% formulation

5. Contents Peppers are harvested.
Solvents are added to help remove the oils,fats & waxes. (capsaicinoids)
Solvents are removed and what is left is Oleoresin Capsicum in it’s purist state.
The Oleoresin Capsicum is diluted to bring down it’s heat factor.
Formulations are either oil based or water based.
Oil = 5% Water=10%
Standard OC for law enforcement has a capsaicinoid content of 0.1% to 0.98%

6. Physiological Effects
Involuntary closure of the eyes.
Involuntary extension of the hands to the face.
A burning sensation and inflammation of the eyes, mucous membranes, and burning sensation to the skin and tissue.
Secretion of excessive mucous from the nose.
Shortness of breath.
Tightness of the chest.

7. Psychological Effects
Anxiety – the fear of the unknown
Fear- is the confirmation of the unknown
Panic – the reality of your fears

8. Levels of Contamination
Level 1 – direct physical contact
Level 2 – indirect or secondary contact
Level 3 – area contamination
Maintain a minimum of 3 feet spray distance

9. Use of Force
The person using force has the burden of showing that such justification exists.
OC spray is usually introduced when soft empty hand control did not work or cannot be applied.
OC is used for the purpose of gaining control of the person. Once handcuffed, it is not recommended that OC be further deployed.

10. Elements of a Physical Encounter
Observation- observe what you see
Evaluating- professional opinion / professional facts
Physical response- verbal commands, physical control, intermediate weapons

11. Decontamination Remove the subject from the contaminated area.
Expose subject to fresh air.
Have the subject stay still and breath normally.
Flush eyes and face with water.
Have EMS remove contacts
Subjects who have history of heart, lung, diabetes or high blood pressure should be evaluated by medical personnel immediately.
Recovery should be between 20 minutes and 1 hour.

12. Baton

13. Use of Force Considerations
The manner in which a baton is used must be carefully considered. Used wrong, it can cause serious bodily injury or death. These two conditions are the foundation for the definition of “deadly force”. If you are not justified in using deadly force you can be held accountable.

14. Use of Force Considerations
The baton is usually introduced when;
Empty hand control has failed, or the officer believes that empty hand control will be insufficient to establish control.
When the use of deadly force is not justified.

15. Drawing the Baton
Snap the baton toward the ground at a 45-degree angle to insure the taper locks engage.
Officers should avoid to open the baton horizontally to the ground or over the shoulder.
Close the baton with a light tap of the tip on the ground followed by a second light tap of the tip.

16. Baton Stance
Field interview stance- baton should be behind the leg of the side the baton hand is. Empty hand should be above the waste at chest level.
Ready stance- the officer loads the baton on the outside of his/her dominant shoulder with the gripping end pointed directly at the subjects chin.

17. (Demonstrated by instructor & student)
Blocks
The use of the baton to the upper body should strictly be used for “blocking” only.
The three blocks used are;
Forward Fluid Shock Wave
Forward Cutting Block
Backhand Cutting Block
(Demonstrated by instructor & student)

18. Blocking Target Points
Median Nerve Motor Point
Radial Nerve Motor Point

19. Strikes Strikes are to the lower body! The three striking methods are;
Forward Fluid Shock Wave
Forward Cutting
Backhand Cutting
Targets;
Common Peroneal Nerve Motor Point
Femoral Nerve Motor Point
Tibial Nerve Motor Point
(Demonstrated by instructor / student)

20. “Give voice commands during application of the baton”

21. Handcuffing

22. Types of Subjects You Handcuff
Totally cooperative
Potentially uncooperative
Totally uncooperative

23. Tactical Considerations
Approach to contact
suspect standing / kneeling
Suspect on the ground
Suspect against an object
Control upon touch
Studies indicate that most resistance will come when the first handcuff is attempting to be applied.
Speed in application
Once contact is made, speed in application is very important.

24. Two methods of handcuffing
Suspect is placed against an object.
Wall - Car – Counter – Furniture
Use verbal commands to place suspect in position
Secure first hand to be handcuffed
Draw handcuffs and handcuff first hand
Secure second hand
“Secure suspect before taking handcuffs out & handcuff before searching”

25. Two methods of handcuffing
2. Suspect is not against an object
Officer approaches from the rear at a 45 degree angle
Use verbal commands to position the suspect
Suspect is to put feet together and bend at the waist
Suspect is to bring his arms up to the back palms facing up
Draw handcuffs and load
Contact and handcuff
(instructor will demonstrate / students will conduct drills)

26. “Always double-lock the handcuffs”