1. Chapter 8-1 Notes (History and Governments)
I. The Russian Empire
During the 800ADs, early _______ built a civilization around the city of Kiev.
In the 1200’s, _________ conquered Kievan Rus and many Slavs fled north and created Moscow.
___________ (the Great) of Muscovy, drove out the Mongols and declared independence.
In 1547, ___________ (the Terrible) declared himself czar and expanded the Russian empire.
___________ and _________ the Great expanded the empire and built the capital of St. Petersburg w/a strong European culture.
Czars, landowners, and merchants lived well as oppose to the majority whom were _________.
Slavs
Mongols
Ivan III
Ivan IV
Catherine
Peter
serfs

2. In 1861, Czar __________ freed the serfs and modernized Russia’s economy.
In 1917, people revolted against Czar _________ and established a communist state.
II. The Rise and Fall of Communism
Vladimir _______ formed the Union of Soviet Socialists Republics (USSR), or Soviet Union that included 15 republics.
Lenin wanted to follow _______ ideas of equality. He ended private ownership and government control of everything.
Joseph ________ set up a command economy and collectivization.
During WWII, _________ invaded, killing 20 to 30 million soldiers and civilians.
After WWII, the U.S. and Soviet Union competed for global influence in a conflict called the _______ War (no physical combat).
Alexander II
Nicholas II
Lenin
Marx’s
Stalin
Germany
Cold

3. The U. S led democracies in W
The U.S led democracies in W. Europe and the Soviet Union led communism in ___________.
In 1985, ___________ relaxed Soviet control of the economy and society. (glasnost and perestroika)
He thought these __________ would strengthen support, but only caused doubt in communism.
By 1991, all Eastern Europe’s communist governments changed to _____________.
Boris __________ became the 1st president of Russia and resisted a coup to overthrow him.
He worked hard to build a democracy and a market economy. Vladimir __________ after him increased government control.
E. Europe
Gorbachev
policies
democracies
Yeltsin
Putin

4. Chapter 8-2 Notes (Cultures and Lifestyles)
I. Russia’s Culture
Russia’s largest ethnic group are __________, or Slavs. The Tatars and Ukrainians are the 2nd largest group.
Most speak __________, the country’s official language.
During communism, people could not practice a _________, today the country’s religion is E. Orthodoxy Christianity.
Oral tradition and __________ play major role in the Russian arts.
Russia is the center of music and dance, famous for Peter Tchaikovsky's, ______________.
Life in Russia
A. Most of Russia’s cities are ________ of the Ural Mts. Many live in large apartment buildings. Housing is scarce and expensive.
Russians
Russian
religion
nationalism
Nutcracker
west

5. Russians play many winter sports such as __________ and gymnastics.
Russians celebrate Russia’s declaration of ___________ from the Soviet Union on June the 12th .
_______________ are a major way of moving goods and people throughout the vast land of Russia.
The ________________ RR is the longest of its kind. It connects the capital, Moscow to Vladivostok.
Russia lacks a good highway system even though ____ ownership is on the rise.
They are installing new _______ lines to improve communication.
hockey
autonomy
Railroads
Trans-Siberian
car
phone