1. Gayoung Kim and WMO LC-LRFMME team
WMO Lead Centre for
Long-Range Forecast Multi-Model Ensemble
Seasonal Climate Outlook for the Northeast Monsoon Season from WMO LC-LRFMME
Gayoung Kim and WMO LC-LRFMME team
Eleventh Session of the South Asian Climate Outlook Forum (SASCOF-11)
25-27 September 2017
Male, Maldives

2. Outline 01
Introduction of WMO Lead Centre for Long Range Forecast Multi Model Ensemble (WMO LC-LRFMME)
Seasonal Outlook for OND Ocean condition and outlook - Forecast for OND 2017 02 03
Summary

3. WMO Lead Centre for
Long-Range Forecast Multi-Model Ensemble
(WMO LC-LRFMME)

4. What is WMO LC-LRFMME?
Long-Rrange Forecast (seasonal forecast) model outputs are not fully used due to different standards.
It would be quite useful if all GPCs share their outputs with all regions.
To use outputs more widely and effectively, we need linkage between GPCs and users.
WMO LC produces MME data by using GPCs’ products
If many GPCs’ products are combined by Lead Centre for LRF MME, seasonal and long-range prediction
can show significant improvement
contribute to disaster prevention and mitigation
contribute to socio-economic plan taking into account variable climatic conditions by fully using GPCs’ products

5. WMO Global Producing Centres (13 GPCs)
New GPC!
Beijing: China Meteorological Administration (CMA)/ Beijing Climate Center (BCC)
CPTEC: Center for Weather Forecasting and Climate Research/ National Institute for Space Research (INPE)
ECMWF: European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts
Exeter: Met Office, United Kingdom
Melbourne: Bureau of Meteorology (BoM), Australia
Montreal: Meteorological Service of Canada (MSC)
Offenbach: Deutscher Wetterdienst
Moscow: Hydrometeorological Centre of Russia
Pretoria: South African Weather Services (SAWS)
Seoul: Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA)
Tokyo: Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA)/
Tokyo Climate Center (TCC)
Toulouse: Meteo-France
Washington: Climate Prediction Center (CPC), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, United States of America
Offenbach
(Aug. 2017~)

6. Goals of WMO LC-LRFMME
Providing a conduit for sharing the model data
Developing
a well-calibrated MME system for
- Mitigating the adverse impact of unfavorable climate conditions
- Maximizing the benefit from favorable conditions
Providing high-quality climate prediction products
Developing advanced climate prediction technology

7. Membership Levels & Accessibility
WMO LC-LRFMME Website
URL:
Membership Levels & Accessibility
Level A (GPCs)
- Upload & download
digital data (limited)
- Download image plots
Level B (NMHSs, RCCs)
- Download digital data (limited)
& image plots
Level C (Others)
- Image plots
As of 1st October 2014, access to the site is limited to Global Producing Centres (GPCs), Regional Climate Centres (RCCs), National Meteorological and Hydrological Services (NMHSs) and bodies coordinating Regional Climate Outlook Forums (RCOFs)

8. Activities of WMO LC-LRFMME
Support for Regional Climate Outlook Forums
In 2016,
SASCOF-8
4/25-26 (Colombo, Sri Lanka)
GHACOF43
5/30-31 (Naivasha, Kenya)
SASCOF-9
9/27-28 (Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar)
ASEANCOF-7
11/14-18 (Manila, Philippines)
CariCOF
12/1-3 (St. George’s, Grenada)
FOCRAII
CariCOF
SASCOF
ASEANCOF
GHACOF
Support for Global Seasonal Climate Update (GSCU)
A new Initiative for Consensus-Based Real Time Monitoring and Prediction of Seasonal Climate of the World
To provide the world community with an expert consensus on the state of the global climate with an outlook for the upcoming season along with information on robustness of the available forecast signals.
To strengthen international collaboration and information flow between global, regional and national level operational climate monitoring and prediction centres
For use by RCCs, RCOFs and NMHSs for assistance in preparation of regional and national climate Updates

9. Current Oceanic Condition (Tropical Pacific Ocean & Indian Ocean)

10. Recent Evolution of Equatorial Pacific Ocean SST
Warm SST anomalies were evident until July, but above-average temperatures dissipated across the central and eastern Pacific.
In the recent week, cold SSTs expanded most of the eastern Pacific.
In the last two months, negative subsurface temperature anomalies have expanded across the Pacific Ocean. Recently, the strongest negative anomalies lie between 170ºW-90ºW and extend to the surface.
…….La Nina is coming??
courtesy of NCEP/CPC (issued on 18 Sept.)
courtesy of NCEP/CPC (issued on 18 Sept.)

11. Recent Evolution of Indian Ocean SST
SST anomalies were positive in the western and negative in the eastern Indian Ocean during last 3 months.
The Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) index is becoming stronger, recently.
courtesy of APEC Climate Center

12. Seasonal Outlook: Winter 2017/18

13. Participating GPCs for Winter 2017/18 Prediction
Beijing
CPTEC
ECMWF
Exeter
Melbourne
Montreal
Moscow
Offenbach
Seoul
Tokyo
Washington
Institute
BCC
UKMO
BoM
MSC
HMC
DWD
KMA
TCC
NCEP
Hindcast period
2017
2018
Initial Month 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3
Sep
OND
Variable : 2m temperature, precipitation, mean sea level pressure, 850hPa temperature, 500hPa GPH, sea surface temperature (if available)
New GPC, GPC-Offenbach, is included.

14. ENSO and IOD Prediction
A tongue of negative SST anomalies in the equatorial Pacific is predicted.
Slightly positive SST anomalies expected to surround this cold tongue and span the tropical Pacific.
Negative Nino 3.4 index is predicted.
The gradient of SST anomalies across western-eastern Indian Ocean will be remained, however the magnitude of gradient is decreasing.
Weak positive IOD is expected.

15. MME: Sea level pressure for OND 2017
Deterministic MME
Probabilistic MME
Positive and negative SLP anomalies is located in eastern and western Pacific Ocean.
Relative low pressure surrounds western Indian Ocean.
Negative ENSO- and positive IOD-related pattern is domenant during OND 2017 and it is agreed by more than 50% models.

16. MME: 2m temperature for OND 2017
Deterministic MME
The MME prediction skills of 2m temperature for OND season are quite good compared with those of other regions (correlation and ROC scores for above/below normal categories).
Most parts of India, Sri Lanka, Maldives, Bangladesh, some parts of Myanmar are expected to be above-normal condition.
Most parts of Thailand, Vietnam are expected to be near-normal condition (or equal-chance).
Probabilistic MME

17. MME: Precipitation for OND 2017
Deterministic MME
The MME prediction skills of precipitation for OND season are also quite good compared with those of other regions (correlation and ROC scores for above/below normal categories).
Most regions are near-normal (equal-change) condition.
Southern parts of Maldives are expected above-normal precipitation during OND 2017.
Probabilistic MME

18. Appendix: Two Major Factors (ENSO&IOD)

19. Current condition (JJA)
Two Major Factors during OND 2017: ENSO&IOD
2017
ENSO
IOD
Current condition (JJA)
Neutral
Positive
Prediction (OND)
Negative
There are two major Oceanic factors are neutral to negative ENSO and positive IOD.
Only IOD index during OND is significantly correlated with South Asian precipitation over land during OND.
Significant
* Pink box indicates 95% confidence level
* Pink box indicates 95% confidence level

20. How IOD affects to South Asian Region?
The MME prediction skill of IOD for OND season is 0.95, which exceeds 99% confidence level.
We can believe that IOD would be positive phase in OND 2017.
During positive phase of IOD in OND, most parts of India are wet condition.
So, it is chance to be above-normal condition over Indian region caused by positive IOD phase in OND 2017.

21. Summary for OND 2017 Ocean Atmosphere : Warm and Slightly Wet winter
 ENSO prediction
Neutral to weak La Nina (>-0.5 ˚C) is expected during winter 2017
 IOD prediction
Positive condition through the wintertime
Atmosphere : Warm and Slightly Wet winter
 2m Temperature
warmer-than-normal conditions over Most parts of India, Sri Lanka, Maldives, Bangladesh, some parts of Myanmar
 Precipitation
below-than-normal conditions over Pakistan

23. For more Information, Please contact
Climate Prediction Division
Korea Meteorological Administration
45 Gisangcheong-gil Dongjak-gu
Seoul , Republic of KOREA
Tel.:
Fax:
Website :
Contact Information

24. Individual forecast: 2m temperature for OND 2017

25. Individual forecast: Precipitation for OND 2017

26. Survey for Satisfaction Measurement via Website
Why?
To diagnose the current status of WMO LC-LRFMME and provide better services to the website user
When?
1st September – 30th November 2017
To whom?
All website registered members