1. Indian Independence Movement
What methods did Gandhi use and did they work?

2. Rise of Indian Nationalism
After WWI, Indians get no self-rule and were once again treated as 2nd class citizens
Indian National Congress (Hindu) and Muslim League (Islam) began to campaign for Indian independence
Some Indian radicals began to violently protest British rule
1919: British pass Rowlatt bills (imprison w/o charges, no gatherings)
Mohandas Gandhi protests unfair laws, uses non-violent resistance/non-cooperation
Gandhi organized peaceful marches and public refusal to obey unfair British laws
“An eye for an eye makes the whole world blind”
“Victory attainted by violence is actually defeat”

3. 4/13/1919: Hindu & Muslim Indians gather in Amritsar to protest
British say Indians were openly defying Rowlatt & order troops to open fire on the crowd – 400 killed in Amritsar Massacre
Gandhi urges followers to continue nonviolence, begins boycott of British goods & taxes
Boycott on cloth is very successful & British are losing money!
1930: Gandhi organizes the Salt March
Police officers beat the marchers. American media captures event
1947: Independence granted but British partition country based on religion (India=Hindu, Pakistan=Muslim)

4. Timed Writing
What method would you use to gain independence from the British? The Gandhi method or Michael Collins method?
Using the bottom half of the paper, write a short essay stating if you think Gandhi’s non-violent resistance or Michael Collins’ IRA tactics were the better method.
Be sure to state why you favor that method and give examples from the films & notes to support your answer!
You have _______ minutes to write