1. Earth Science Gr. 7 Science
Early Astronomers
Earth Science
Gr. 7 Science

2. Ancient Greek Astronomers
called wandering objects in space ‘planets’
believed the universe was perfect
Greeks thought all things in the solar system revolved around Earth- this is called the geocentric model

3. Geocentric Model Celestial Sphere

4. Ptolemy took the geocentric model a step further
all planets and the sun travel in perfect circles around the Earth
this theory was widely accepted for over 1500 years

5. Ptolemy’s Geocentric Model

6. Copernican Revolution
In 1543, Polish astronomer, Copernicus developed the heliocentric model
He stated that the sun was the center of the solar system
Most people didn’t believe Copernicus

7. Copernicus & Galileo
Galileo used the telescope to help prove the heliocentric theory
He discovered four moons revolving around Jupiter
The motions of those moons proved that everything in the sky does not revolve around the Earth
Observations about Venus and the phases it goes through also supported the heliocentric model

8. Heliocentric Model

9. Orbital Patterns
Copernicus was correct about the heliocentric model, but not the orbital patterns
Planets do not travel in perfect circles around the sun
There was no way to prove this using a telescope

10. Brahe and Kepler
mathematicians who studied and recorded observations and positions of the planets for 20 years
Brahe dies in 1601, Kepler continues the research
Kepler studies the orbit of Mars
He discovers the shape of an orbit is an ellipse (oval)

12. Modern Discoveries Satellites provide information
Computers analyze information
Space probes gather information as they pass through our solar system
Rovers on Mars sent back pictures and data about the terrain and soil
Spitzer, Hubble, Fermi and Chandra telescopes

13. Spirit & Opportunity

14. Mars Rovers

17. People to Live on Mars????
NASA is developing the capabilities needed to send humans to an asteroid by 2025 and Mars in the 2030s
Lack of oxygen and water will be a major problem
Body must be protected by wearing space suits

19. Space Probes

23. Spitzer Telescope

27. Hubble Telescope

31. Fermi Telescope

34. Chandra Telescope

37. James Webb Telescope- 2018

39. New Discoveries
There are new discoveries in science every day. Not only in space, but on our planet Earth and in the medical field. Keep your eyes and ears open and you will learn something new each day.