1. Early Africa
7.16 Analyze the importance of family, labor specialization, and regional commerce in the development of states and cities in West Africa.
7.15 Examine the importance of written and oral traditions in the transmission of African history and culture.

2. Bellwork
How important is your family in terms of who you are?

3. Family life Loyalty for family ran deep in Africa
Family was so important that early Africans worshipped ancestors
Your entire family lived in one house
Called an extended family
I plan on talking about who all lives in an extended family; grandparents, parents, aunts and uncles, and cousins

5. Quick Questions
How would you feel if your entire family lived in your house?
Out of your family, who do you have the strongest bond with? Why?
On the strongest bond question I am going to talk about how most bonds are formed with those that are of similar age and gender (called age-sects)

6. Daily Duties Men hunted and farmed
Women farmed, collected firewood, ground grain, carried water and cared for children
Elderly taught family traditions and values
Children worked as soon as they were able

7. Elderly Duties Story telling was very important in African life
Most stories were told orally and passed down from generation to generation
Folktales were the main stories told
Stories that are told orally
They may try to explain something
During this slide I will have them name folktales from America that they know (Johnny Appleseed, Paul Bunyan, etc.) I will then read to them the folktale about thunder and lightning. I will then volunteer a student to retell the story. Students will be given a copy and told to underline details that the student retelling missed. We will then go to the next slide

8. Quick Question What are some problems with telling stories orally?
Last slide for day one.

9. Bellwork
What is a technology that has come around in your lifetime that has changed the way the world works?

10. A Big Change!!!
Around 500BC a group called the Nok discovered something:
Metal
This allowed the beginning of empires
Metal advantages will be discussed on next slide. I will just tell them that the Nok disappeared suddenly and no one knows why.

11. Quick Question
Name some things that might be easier to do with metal as compared to stone?
Will talk about how better farming led to more food which made people healthier. Will talk about more powerful fighting. Trees being cut down for better housing, stuff like that.

12. From This

13. To This

14. Trade As the population grew so did the need to trade
Problem: What landform would prevent trading in Africa?
Sahara Desert
Why do they think population grew? Answer: metal

17. Trade The change came with the Romans
Camels
Now Africans could travel across the desert
Still dangerous though
Will talk about how before Romans they had to use horses which could only go short distances. Took two months to cross the desert on average
It was dangerous because you could get lost, Sahara is bigger than Australia, thieves could steal your supplies, and finally you could have just not packed enough supplies.

18. What did they Trade
The big three!!!
Gold
Salt
Slaves

19. Modern Salt Mine

20. Quick Question Why do you think salt was so valuable?
Food preservative

21. Timbuktu Grew into a major trade center
Became the center of culture and learning for West Africa
Would give rise to a major African empire
Gave rise to the Mali and Ghana empires. Edge of the Saharan desert

22. For the assessment part you can have students do a cause and effect sheet that I am going to make.