1. Deep in the Heart of Texas
© Mark Batik
Jesuit College Prep

2. Creation of Mexico 1821, Spain withdraws from Mexico
Held two areas of interest:
California and
Texas

3. California By 1833, almost all Native Americans were wiped out
Ranchero system switched control from Fransciscans to settlers in 1833
By 1846 there were 800 Americans in CA
Numero Uno reason why California was desirable was NOT gold but its deep harbors

4. Texas By 1830 there were 20,000 whites in TX Mexico needed settlers
They
Took an oath of allegiance to Mexico
Became Catholic
Brought slaves with them
Slavery was outlawed in TX but practiced and allowed in Mexico but not practiced

5. Texas Revolution By 1835, American-Texans outnumber Mexican-Texans
Santa Anna enforces rules against slavery and in 1830 halted white immigration
In 1835, American-Texans revolt
Alamo and San Jacinto
Treaty of Velasco 1836 ends the war and establishes the Republic of Texas (Lone Star Republic)

6. Annexation?
Wanted to be annexed in 1830s but domestic politics prevented it
TX constitution has open invitation but
Jackson does nothing and Van Buren does nothing
One more slave state
Abolitionist outrage
Van Buren might be hurt in the election

7. Behind the Scenes
Jackson recognizes the existence of TX on the last day of his presidency
In 1843, the US starts secret negotiations with TX
Calhoun again: Sends a letter to a British minister about abolition
An attempted treaty of annexation is rejected
Afraid of sectionalism
Afraid of war with Mexico

8. Election of 1844

9. Election of 1844 Polk runs on a platform of Manifest Destiny Clay runs
Re-occupation of Oregon and the re-annexation of Texas
Clay runs
Polk elected and the lame duck Tyler sees the election as a mandate for Texas Annexation
Push a Joint Resolution
27-25 in Senate
in House
March 1, Tyler signs it, in October, Texas ratifies this and enters the Union in December

10. Oregon 54º 40’ or Fight!! All of Oregon or none
British refuse to compromise because of Vancouver Island
1845 Polk asks for permission to give the British a year
The Brits aren’t interested in a fight and in 1846 they submit a treaty 49º less Vancouver Island

13. War With Mexico Mexico anger over TX
US motivated (captivated) by California
US pushes troops up to the border
In May 1846, Polk asks for war after Mexico shoots

15. More War California Annexed in 1846
Fremont and men move into Sacramento Valley
June 14, 1845 declare California independent
Bear Flag Republic
Annexed in 1846

16. Santa Anna Leaves office in 1844
From Cuba, he makes an agreement of money for territory and an end to the war
1846, he’s allowed back into Mexico only to see him take over the battling

18. End of war By 1847, Mexico City was occupied
Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo
Mexico gives up claims to TX
Cedes CA and NM to the US
US pays 15 million and assumes claims (if people had a claim against the Mexican government, now they had a claim against the US government)