1. System for waste management and Extended Producer’s Responsibility
This project is funded by the European Union
Twinning Project INTRODUCTION OF A MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OF WASTE ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT (WEEE) IN UKRAINE
System for waste management and Extended Producer’s Responsibility
28-29 April 2016, Kiev, Ukraine

2. 1. System for waste management 2. Current situation 3. Why EPR?
Main topics of presentation
1. System for waste management
2. Current situation
3. Why EPR?
4. Main principles of EPR

3. Objective of waste management system
Objective of System for management of waste is:
To control
Collect
Re-process: depollution, recycling, re-use, recovery
Dispose
In an economic way consistent with public health and environment protection

4. Waste management system
Set of rules introducing duties at:
Institutional level - responsible authority, legal base, permits, data management, monitoring and control
Business level – economic operators dealing with storage, collection, transport, depollution, recycling, recovery which has to comply with technical standards which is proven by licensing conditions and has to report data to the NSI and environment authority
Regional and local authorities
Citizens

5. Waste management system –
current situation
Institutional level:
Responsible authority – new Waste Management law
Legal base – need to be adapted to association agreement
Permits – new system is in a process of adoption
Data management system - reporting of environmental information is under development
Inspection undertakes control actions, but needs more specific legal background
Business level – infrastructure partly exists but economic operators need to improve technical and environmental performance, need of standards for collection and treatment
Regional and local authorities – clear obligations, new legislation under development
Citizens – access to WM data, “pay as you throw”

6. Waste management system for WEEE and waste batteries
General rules of waste management legislation- permit and control for WEEE and waste batteries
Specific rules for waste management – sub- legislation with targets, technical standards for operation, reports and monitoring
New participants– producers, distributors and importers with specific obligations
EPR system has to be fitted in the general waste management system and new operational and financial obligations

7. Extended Producer Responsibility History
Concept developed by Thomas Lindhqvist in 1990 in Sweden. Main aims:
to support municipalities in municipal waste management involving a shift of responsibilities from government or municipality to producers and importers of products
encouraging producers to design, manufacture and sell their product taking environmental considerations into account
Later development: different industries took obligations to produce easily recyclable products and to take care on waste from their products- EoLV, WEEE, Batteries

8. Benefits – improvement of quality of life and clean environment
Less landfilled waste, higher recycling rates
Funding for collection and treatment of certain hazardous waste - luminescent tubes, fridges, computers
Active role of business in collection/recycling - new business and jobs opportunities/employment
Lower municipal waste management fees
Better affordability of recycling for the population

9. Guiding principles and recommendations
Shared responsibilities
Full net cost coverage
Fair competition
Transparency
Harmonized reporting

10. The shared responsibilities principle
Define
The roles and responsibilities of:
producers of products placing goods on the market of the Union,
organisations acting on their behalf for implementing extended producer responsibility
local authorities and/or private operators for collection and treatment, recognised preparation for re-use operators;
For implementation:
measurable waste management targets for collection and treatment
system for reporting which gather data on the products placed on the market and data on collection and treatment of waste.
equal treatment and non-discrimination between producers of products and with regards to small and medium-size enterprises
reporting

11. “SYSTEMS of producers”
Producers / importers
MINISTRY OF
ENVIRON -
MENT
Distributors-retailers
Logistics
(Collection and
transport)
Information campaign
and administration
Treatment operators
and transport for
treatment abroad
Munici
palities
Private collectors from household
“SYSTEMS of producers”
Authorized private
legal entities
Transfer obligation
Financial
contribution
Commitment to
collect and treat
Authorization
Total costs are
covered
Private collectors from bussines

12. The full cost coverage principle
Cover the entire cost of waste management of waste from the products puts on the market, including:
costs of separate collection, sorting and treatment operations required to meet the waste management targets and taking into account the revenues from re-use or sales of secondary raw material from their products;
costs of providing adequate information to waste holders;
costs of data gathering and reporting
modulated on the basis of the real end-of-life cost of individual products or groups of similar products, taking into account their specific re-usability and recyclability;

13. Financial contributions paid by the producer – cost factors
Population density (collection costs , which generally represent an important share of net costs, will increase with low population density;
Historical development - first high investments, and therefore high costs, to reach economies of scale, lower contributions from producers once this implementation period is over;
Value of secondary materials on the national market; this can be influenced both by the demand in secondary raw materials, and through the development of a recycling industry providing high quality materials;
Awareness of citizens about the existence of separate collection schemes as well as their willingness to participate in collection schemes. Investing in communication can be a factor of success for EPR schemes;
Existence of other waste policy instruments (e.g. landfill and/or incineration taxes, pays-as-you-throw schemes, deposit-refund schemes, etc.), which may be complementary to EPR and increase the efficiency of the whole waste management system

14. Fair competition principle
Competition at the level Producer’s Responsibilities Organisations (PRO)
Competition at the level collection and treatment operators, economy of scale
Examples:
In Switzerland there is only one recycling plant in the country. Regarding collection, competition is not about prices but rather about the ability to provide services.
In the Netherlands, it is the same: there is competition between the waste management companies which pick-up the collected batteries and transport them to the sorting plant. However, there is a single sorting plant, contracted by Stibat. Sorted batteries are then forwarded to different battery treatment plants (in the Netherlands or in France, Germany, Belgium, etc.).
In France, competition does exist between service providers (collectors, treatment) through calls for tenders to deliver services for the PRO.

15. Harmonized monitoring principle
Effective monitoring which proves that the producers are implementing their extended producer responsibility obligations, and the financial means are properly used
all actors involved in the implementation of the scheme report
Independent authority to oversee the implementation of extended producer responsibility obligations:
Control of objective results from collection and treatment – on line verification of material flows
Control of documents without verification is not enough effective and paper documents can be easily manipulated and faked

16. Transparency principle
Platform for regular dialogue between the stakeholders involved in the implementation of extended producer responsibility, including:
private or public waste operators,
local authorities,
citizens
recognised preparation for re-use operators.
Good examples:
In France: A consultation committee includes all involved stakeholders (producers, retailers, PROs, local authorities, consumers, and environmental NGOs).
In Ireland: a WEEE working group was set up to guide and coordinate local authorities in their enforcement of producer responsibility initiatives by providing consistent enforcement throughout the country and a forum for information exchange.

17. THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION!
This project is funded by the European Union
THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION!
Questions for discussion?
Maria Krasteva
Mikhail Asenov