1. Volume 197, Issue 3, Pages 885-891 (March 2017)
All Incontinence is Not Created Equal: Impact of Urinary and Fecal Incontinence on Quality of Life in Adults with Spina Bifida 
Konrad M. Szymanski, Mark P. Cain, Benjamin Whittam, Martin Kaefer, Richard C. Rink, Rosalia Misseri 
The Journal of Urology 
Volume 197, Issue 3, Pages (March 2017)
DOI: /j.juro
Copyright © 2017 American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc. Terms and Conditions

2. Figure 1 FI and UI prevalence in 518 adults with SB
The Journal of Urology  , DOI: ( /j.juro )
Copyright © 2017 American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc. Terms and Conditions

3. Figure 2
FI and UI effect on HRQOL in 518 adults with SB adjusted for gender, race, age, educational status, employment status, independently performing daily living activities, history of developmental delay, living with parent, grandparent, uncle, aunt and/or caregiver, ambulatory status, ventriculoperitoneal shunt status, current clean intermittent catheterizations, residence country, catheterizable urinary channel surgery history, MACE procedure and MACE use. HRQOL was assessed by QUALAS-A Bowel and Bladder domain. Negative and lower score differences signify lower HRQOL. Group with highest HRQOL served as reference. Clean and dry interval analysis applies only to those with incontinence. wk, week. h, hours.
The Journal of Urology  , DOI: ( /j.juro )
Copyright © 2017 American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc. Terms and Conditions