1. Force, Work and Thermal Energy

2. Force Force: Causes a mass to accelerate
Force=mass* acceleration=F= m a

3. Work and Energy
Work: the result of applying a force to an object in order to move it a certain distance
work= Force . distance=F.d
Energy: the capacity to do work
i.e. to do 100 J of work, 100 J of energy is needed
Work is done to the car when it moves
The battery provides the energy to do
the work

4. Thermal Energy
Thermal energy: the energy of a body that increases with temperature
Change in energy= (mass)(specific heat capacity)(change in temperature)
ΔE=m c ΔT
Specific Heat Capacity: how much thermal energy a material can absorb– water has a high specific heat (J/(kg-K)

5. Thermal Energy
Energy is released (or absorbed) when an object changes its state
Latent heat (L): amount of heat released or absorbed by a substance (kJ/kg)
ΔE=m L
Melting ice absorbs heat from the air and
cools down a room

6. Temperature Units To convert Into Multiply by Fahrenheit (°F)-32
Celsius (°C)
5/9
Fahrenheit (°F)
kelvin (K)
Celsius (°C)
Fahrenheit (°F)
1.8
Celsius (°C) 1