1. Ph. D. Viva-Voce Examination
Monday, August 08, 2016
Before the –
Board of Examiners / Studies
Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University
Raipur, Chhattisgarh

2. Anil Kumar Soni (M.Com, M.Phil, NET/ JRF)
“A STUDY ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF COOPERATIVE MOVEMENT WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO KABIRDHAM DISTRICT OF CHHATTISGARH STATE”
Research Scholar –
Anil Kumar Soni (M.Com, M.Phil, NET/ JRF)
Under the Guidance of –
Dr. Harjinder Pal Singh Saluja
Research Centre –
Department of Commerce
Govt. V.Y.T. PG Autonomous College Durg (C.G.)

3. An Overview / Chapter Plan
The study divided in 9 chapters –
Chapter 1: Introduction.
Chapter 2: Review of Literature.
Chapter 3: Materials and Methods.
Chapter 4: Cooperative Movement in the World and India.
Chapter 5: Cooperative Movement in Chhattisgarh.
Chapter 6: A Profile of Kabirdham District.
Chapter 7: Cooperative Movement in Kabirdham District.
Chapter 8: Performance Analysis of Cooperative Movement in Kabirdham District.
Chapter 9: Recommendations and Conclusion.

4. Introduction – It includes –
AN INTRODUCTION OF COOPERATIVE MOVEMENT –
Cooperation is the universal instrument of creation. The cooperative movement became a form of business organization recognized as an international movement. Cooperation plays a decisive and effective role in the world economy.
The cooperative movement in India played a significant role in the social and economic development. The cooperative credit system of India has the largest network in the world. The success of agriculture in our country depends upon the contribution of cooperatives.
Cooperative movement has been recognized as an effective instrument for the economic development of the rural area and for improvement in the socio-economic conditions of the rural people. Cooperative movement covers 98 percent villages and more than 75 percent of rural household.

5. The cooperative sector has played a key role in the economy of the state. The cooperative covers almost all cent percent villages in Chhattisgarh. Chhattisgarh is agricultural based state. Economy of the Chhattisgarh is mainly dependent on agriculture as more than 80 percent of the total population is engaged in this sector. The cooperative movement in Chhattisgarh played a significant role in the social and economic development of the state particularly in the rural areas.
The cooperatives play key role in the socioeconomic development of the Kabirdham. The cooperative movement in Kabirdham district developed on progressive line. The cooperative movement is the life blood of the economy of district. The cooperative covers cent percent villages of district Kabirdham.

6. Choice of the Study / Topic –
Cooperative movement is an important and integral element of national development, Cooperatives are noteworthy in economy, it is a product of civilized society and also a part of socio-economic and overall development.
With all above references and approaches, the researcher intends to focus on the development and performance of cooperative movement in the rural agrarian economy, hence he choose the topic and area for the present study.
Meaning, Concept, Definition, Values, Philosophy and Principles of Cooperation–
The term cooperation is derived from the Latin word ‘cooperari’, where the word ‘co’ means ‘with’ and ‘operari’ means ‘to work’. Thus, cooperation means ‘working together’, in the form a ‘cooperative society’.
W. P. Watkins – “A system of social organization based on the principles of unity, economy, democracy, equality and liberty”.
Principles Introduced by ICA –
1. Voluntary and Open Membership 2. Democratic Member Control
3. Member Economic Participation 4. Autonomy and Independence
5. Education, Training and Information 6.Cooperation Among Cooperatives
7. Concern for Community.

7. Statement of the Problems –
1. First and important problem of the research study is collection of data, which is difficult, time taking and laborious task.
2. Paucity of enough literature on the topic is perhaps the greatest handicap for researcher.
3. Information from the PACS and departments was difficult to obtain as it government organization, During field survey frequent number of visits was made to various government departments to collect required information and data.
4. One of the important problem of the research work is the time and cost factor. But what is learned and achieved from the research is more than money and time utilized.

8. Objectives of the Study –
1. To analysis the development of cooperative movement in India in general and in Kabirdham district in particular.
2. To evaluate the performance of cooperative movement and its impact on socio-economy development.
3. To assess the socio-economic conditions of the beneficiaries of cooperatives.
4. To ascertain the key performance socio-economic indicators of cooperative movement.
5. To identify the problem in of cooperative movement and suggest remedial measures.
Importance of the Study –
The research study is important to analysis the development and performance of the cooperative movement.
The research study is significant to evaluate the socioeconomic contribution of cooperatives in Kabirdham district.
The results of the present study are useful to the policy planners/administrators in their efforts to improve the present system. It will be useful to the academicians and students in their study on the present system.

9. An Overview / Chapter Plan
The study divided in 9 chapters –
Chapter 1: Introduction.
Chapter 2: Review of Literature.
Chapter 3: Materials and Methods.
Chapter 4: Cooperative Movement in the World and India.
Chapter 5: Cooperative Movement in Chhattisgarh.
Chapter 6: A Profile of Kabirdham District.
Chapter 7: Cooperative Movement in Kabirdham District.
Chapter 8: Performance Analysis of Cooperative Movement in Kabirdham District.
Chapter 9: Recommendations and Conclusion.

10. Review of Literature – It consists –
Review of previous studies with a view to identify and understand the areas already investigated relating to cooperative movement. In review of literatures, an attempt has been made to review several government reports, research papers, articles and books related to different issues of cooperatives. On exploring the literature on this subject, researcher did not find any comprehensive study covering the cooperative movement of Chhattisgarh and Kabirdham district.
The available literatures are divided into 5 categories –
1. Vision of Cooperative Thinkers and Leaders – Robert owen, William king….
2. Books, Research Papers and Articles – Academic literature – from text books….
3. Committee Reports on Cooperative – Govt. constitute time to time task force, groups
4. Institutional Research and Reports – ICA, ILO, NCUI, NCDC, Vamnicom….
5. Cooperative Legislations – Acts, Rules, Policy, Bye laws, Philosophy and Principles.…

11. An Overview / Chapter Plan
The study divided in 9 chapters –
Chapter 1: Introduction.
Chapter 2: Review of Literature.
Chapter 3: Materials and Methods.
Chapter 4: Cooperative Movement in the World and India.
Chapter 5: Cooperative Movement in Chhattisgarh.
Chapter 6: A Profile of Kabirdham District.
Chapter 7: Cooperative Movement in Kabirdham District.
Chapter 8: Performance Analysis of Cooperative Movement in Kabirdham District.
Chapter 9: Recommendations and Conclusion.

12. Material and Methods – It Contains –
Area of the Study –
The Present research study is particular related with Kabirdham district, which is 1 of district out of 27 districts of Chhattisgarh. The Kabirdham district has political and historical heritage of cooperative movement, and the movement considerable developed in the district . The researcher is posted in cooperative department in Kabirdham district, hence he choose this area for the research work.
Period and Coverage of the Study –
The reference period from to for the collection and study of secondary data.
to for the collection and study of primary data.
Key Research Questions –

13. Hypothesis –
The present study is probing to find the answer for the validation of hypothesis –
1. Cooperative movement developed in progressive line. Since the emergence of cooperative movement has been the outcome of exploitation of rural poor.
2. Cooperative movement of Kabirdham district has played a significant role in changing the socio-economic status of rural poor.
3. Cooperative movement with different economic activities has been the vital source of rural human capital formation.
4. The cooperative movement in India in general and Kabirdham district in particular has the effective capacity of sustaining the rural economy.
Research Methodology –
The present study attempts an analysis of development of cooperative movement of Kabirdham district as well evaluates the performance of cooperative movement of Kabirdham district. The study is based on descriptive research method. Therefore, the methods used for the study include the review of literature concerned, the experience survey and studies of best practice cooperative cases.

14. Data Collection / Sources of Information –
For the study data collected from both primary and secondary sources. Secondary data collected from various published and unpublished sources. The primary data collected by using pre-tested questionnaires, interview schedules, field survey and case studies.
Sample Design / Sampling –
The researcher has followed convenient sampling method. In Kabirdham district 08 branches of District Central Cooperative Bank (CCB) Rajnandgaon are located in different 4 blocks, 60 PACS affiliated with CCB branches, 07 to 11 PACS have been selected from each block and from each PACS 10 respondents have been selected. Thus 4 blocks, 08 CCB branches, 35 PACS and 350 respondents selected.

15. Best Practice Cases –
For the study researcher selected 5 leading cooperatives of the Kabirdham district as best practice cases on the basis of their performance, contribution and achievements.
1. Cooperative Credit / Banking Services.
2. Online Paddy Procurement
3. Public Distribution System.
4. Bhoramdev Cooperative Sugar Factory.
5. Tendu Leaves Collection.
Framework of Analysis / Key Performance Indicators –
The key performance indicators are signposts and determinants that help to assess the performance of cooperative movement. For the assessment of socio economic development the contribution of cooperatives has been analyzed with the help of indicators.
The overall key performance indicators are grouped in 10 categories and each category sub-divided in 3 indicators. Hence 30 key performance indicators selected for the assessment of performance of cooperative movement.

17. An Overview / Chapter Plan
The study divided in 9 chapters –
Chapter 1: Introduction.
Chapter 2: Review of Literature.
Chapter 3: Materials and Methods.
Chapter 4: Cooperative Movement in the World and India.
Chapter 5: Cooperative Movement in Chhattisgarh.
Chapter 6: A Profile of Kabirdham District.
Chapter 7: Cooperative Movement in Kabirdham District.
Chapter 8: Performance Analysis of Cooperative Movement in Kabirdham District.
Chapter 9: Recommendations and Conclusion.

18. Cooperative Movement in the World and India – It presents –
(History, Fact and Figures, Economic Participation)
Cooperatives are a reminder to the international community that it is possible to pursue both economic viability and social responsibility. Around the world modern cooperatives have developed over 200 years. Globally, cooperatives have been able to elevate its position as a powerful economic model.
Cooperative Movement in Different Countries –
Cooperation has developed in different countries along different lines. It differs from country to country and even from place to place and time to time.
ICA – (Established in 1895 at London, it has 230 members org. in100 countries.)
IYC – (Year 2012 declared as IYC with the slogan Build a better World.)
Cooperative Movement in India –
Historical Perspective – On 25th March 1904 the first Cooperative Society Act passed.
Growth of Cooperative Legislation – 1904, 1912, 1919, 1942, 1960, 1984, 1991, 2002.

19. Development of Cooperative Movement in India –
Cooperatives have emerged as a distinct sector of Indian economy. Today the cooperative movement of India covers a vast area of economy and plays an important role for the development of rural India. The principle of cooperation is part and parcel of Indian Culture. The cooperative movement in India has a political, historical, social and cultural heritage.
The current picture of the movement has history more than 110 years. The development of the cooperative movement in India can be studied in two stages –
(1) Pre Independent Period (2) Post Independent Period.
Development of Cooperative Movement in Pre Independent Period (5 stages ) –
1. Beginning Period of Cooperative Movement in India ( ).
2. Period of Hurried Expansion ( ).
3. Unplanned Rapid Development ( ).
4. Period of Consolidation and Re-Organization ( ).
5. Period of Recovery ( ).
Development of Cooperative Movement in Post Independent Period –
6. Sixth Stage ( )
7. Seventh Stage ( )
8. Eighth Stage (2000 onwards)

20. Government Support to Cooperative Movement –
Cooperative Movement in Planned Economy –(1st – , 12th – )
After India attained Independence in 1947, cooperative development received a boost, with cooperatives being given a vital role in the various plans formulated by the Planning Commission.
Government Support to Cooperative Movement –
The Indian cooperative movement was initiated by the government. It spread and diversified with the encouragement and support of the government. Its present condition is also to a great extent because of the involvement of, and interference by the government.
Programs, Policy, Schemes, Act, Rules, Education and Training, Ministry and Dept.
National Level Cooperative Federations / Institutions –
NCUI, NCCE, NCCT, Vamnicom, NCDC, NARARD, NAFED, TRIFED, IFFCO.
Types and Functions of Cooperatives –
Many types of cooperative societies are found in India. The cooperative structure in India consists of different constituents. These are generally divided into two groups –
(1) Credit Cooperatives (2) Non Credit Cooperatives.

21. An Overview / Chapter Plan
The study divided in 9 chapters –
Chapter 1: Introduction.
Chapter 2: Review of Literature.
Chapter 3: Materials and Methods.
Chapter 4: Cooperative Movement in the World and India.
Chapter 5: Cooperative Movement in Chhattisgarh.
Chapter 6: A Profile of Kabirdham District.
Chapter 7: Cooperative Movement in Kabirdham District.
Chapter 8: Performance Analysis of Cooperative Movement in Kabirdham District.
Chapter 9: Recommendations and Conclusion.

22. Cooperative Movement In Chhattisgarh – It Covers –
An Introduction and Brief Overview of Chhattisgarh State –
On 1st November 2000, India gave birth to a new state known as Chhattisgarh. Chhattisgarh is the 26th State of India. Raipur serves as its capital. Chhattisgarh is known as the ‘RICE BOWL’. Agriculture and power are the key drivers of growth in the state. It has great natural resources and minerals.
History of Cooperative Movement in Chhattisgarh State –
In 1913 the DCC bank established by Waman Rao Lakhe at Raipur is the beginning of the cooperative movement in Chhattisgarh. In year 1945 the Chhuikadan Bunkar Sahakari Samiti established by Thakur Pyarelal Singh.
Development of Cooperative Movement in Chhattisgarh State –
The cooperative sector is one of the main partners of state economy. The cooperatives have more reach to the rural Chhattisgarh through their huge network of credit societies. At present 7908 coops. are registered in CG out of which 5722 working and 1334 defunct PACS are functioning with membership of members.
Structure, Types and Functions of Cooperatives in Chhattisgarh State –
In Chhattisgarh, the cooperative sector has been assigned an important role in the development of many sectors. The cooperative sector has been playing a significant role in the area of agricultural credit, farm input, marketing, distribution of essential commodities and cooperative education and training.

23. Major Cooperatives in Chhattisgarh –
1. Chhattisgarh State Cooperative Bank Ltd. Raipur (Apex Bank)
2. Chhattisgarh State Coop. Agri. and Rural Dev. Bank Ltd. Raipur
3. Chhattisgarh State Cooperative Marketing Federation Ltd. Raipur
4. Chhattisgarh State Cooperative Consumer Federation Ltd. Raipur
14 State Level Cooperatives, 7 DCC Banks, 12 DCARD Banks functioning in CG.
Legal Frameworks –
CG Cooperative Societies Act 1960 and CG Cooperative Societies Rules 1962 regulating the working of cooperatives in the State.
Governmental and Institutional Support –
Departmental Support –
Under the Ministry of Cooperation, the department is headed by the Registrar of Cooperative Societies who looks after the administrative matters relating to Cooperatives.
Implementation of Acts, rules, programs, schemes, Registration, Election, Audit, Fund Arrangement, Marketing, Storage, Budget, Dispute Settlement, Education and Training.

24. An Overview / Chapter Plan
The study divided in 9 chapters –
Chapter 1: Introduction.
Chapter 2: Review of Literature.
Chapter 3: Materials and Methods.
Chapter 4: Cooperative Movement in the World and India.
Chapter 5: Cooperative Movement in Chhattisgarh.
Chapter 6: A Profile of Kabirdham District.
Chapter 7: Cooperative Movement in Kabirdham District.
Chapter 8: Performance Analysis of Cooperative Movement in Kabirdham District.
Chapter 9: Recommendations and Conclusion.

25. A Profile of Kabirdham District – It describes –
Introduction of Kabirdham District –
District Kabirdham came into being existence on 06th July 1998, Kabirdham is a peaceful and attractive place located on the southern bank of river Sakri. Kabirdham district is called as ‘Sugar Bowl’ of Chhattisgarh. ‘Kawardha’ serves as the headquarters for this district.
General Characteristics of Kabirdham District –
Geographical Location, Administrative Setup, Demography, Language and Religion, Education and Health, Topology and Soil, Environment and Climate, Agriculture and Forest.
Kabirdham District at Glance – (Fact and Figures)

26. An Overview / Chapter Plan
The study divided in 9 chapters –
Chapter 1: Introduction.
Chapter 2: Review of Literature.
Chapter 3: Materials and Methods.
Chapter 4: Cooperative Movement in the World and India.
Chapter 5: Cooperative Movement in Chhattisgarh.
Chapter 6: A Profile of Kabirdham District.
Chapter 7: Cooperative Movement in Kabirdham District.
Chapter 8: Performance Analysis of Cooperative Movement in Kabirdham District.
Chapter 9: Recommendations and Conclusion.

27. Cooperative Movement in Kabirdham District – It explains –
The cooperatives play key role in the socio-economic development of the Kabirdham. According to the 2011 census, 89 percent population live in rural areas in Kabirdham district. Farming is the main activity of people in district. The cooperative covers cent percent villages of district Kabirdham.
Cooperative Movement at Glance, Sector-wise Cooperatives, DCC bank-wise Cooperatives and PACS –
History and Progress of Cooperative Movement in Kabirdham –
Kabirdham has the distinction of being the pioneer district in establishing the first cooperative sugar factory in 2001 of state Chhattisgarh. The cooperatives have made an all-round progress and their role and contribution in agricultural progress has been significant. The district cooperatives render 70 percent of the total agricultural credit requirement, covered 100 percent villages and 75 percent rural household. The cooperatives play key role in the socioeconomic development of the Kabirdham. At present in Kabirdham district, 203 cooperatives registered and 198 functioning and 5 are defunct.

28. Departmental and Institutional Support –
Major Cooperatives of Kabirdham District –
1. District Central Cooperative Bank Rajnandgaon (Lead Bank).
2. District Cooperative Agriculture and Rural Development Bank, Kawardha.
3. District Cooperative Union Rajnandgaon.
4. District Cooperative Marketing Federation Kawardha.
5. District Cooperative Minor Forest Produce Federation Kawardha.
6. District Antavyavsayi Cooperative Development Society Kawardha.
7. Bhoramdev Cooperative Sugar Factory Kabirdham.
Best Practice Cooperatives of Kabirdham District –
In order to draw an authentic and actual picture of field realities, 5 best practice cases of cooperatives selected of Kabirdham district from different areas of working. The best cases were selected by their performance, achievement and contribution in socio-economic development in the district.
The selected cases from the area of (1) Cooperative Credit/Banking Services (Agricultural/Service Cooperative) (2) Online Paddy Procurement (Marketing Cooperative) (3) Public Distribution System (Consumer Cooperative) (4) Bhoramdev Cooperative Sugar Factory (Production/Processing Cooperative) (5) Tendu Leaves Collection (Forest Resource Cooperative).

29. An Overview / Chapter Plan
The study divided in 9 chapters –
Chapter 1: Introduction.
Chapter 2: Review of Literature.
Chapter 3: Materials and Methods.
Chapter 4: Cooperative Movement in the World and India.
Chapter 5: Cooperative Movement in Chhattisgarh.
Chapter 6: A Profile of Kabirdham District.
Chapter 7: Cooperative Movement in Kabirdham District.
Chapter 8: Performance Analysis of Cooperative Movement in Kabirdham District.
Chapter 9: Recommendations and Conclusion.

30. Performance Analysis of Cooperative Movement in Kabirdham District – It Measures–
The cooperatives have played a significant role in areas of credit and agricultural production. The cooperatives of Kabirdham district play multi-functional roles in rural areas. Various development activities in agriculture, credit, marketing, processing, inputs, consumer’s stores, distribution, supplies and social services are now carried on through cooperatives.
The cooperative credit structure is most important for performance of agriculture and rural area development of Kabirdham district. It is imperative to mention here that cooperatives have enhanced socio-economic conditions of rural people. The cooperatives brought overall improvement in the socio-economic condition of its members.
Every village of Kabirdham district is covered under the network of PACS. Cooperatives are working for the 360 degree development of rural area of district. Various types of cooperatives have direct their energies towards the betterment of socioeconomic development. It is found that contribution of cooperatives in socioeconomic development as well the progress of cooperatives is very satisfactory.
Sample Size for the Study – (350 respondents and 5 leading cases)

31. Socio-Economic Impact Assessment –
To study the performance of cooperative movement in the Kabirdham District researcher organize –
Fieldworks / Survey –
Group Discussion
Observation
Best Practice Case Studies
Data Collection
Assessment by Indicators –
Data Arrangement
Statistical Testing
Interpretation of Data

32. Socio-Economic Profile of the Respondents –
The socio-economic profile/characteristics of the sampled respondents and members of PACS, which affect the performance of cooperative movement, are –

34. Socioeconomic Characteristics Report –
1. Maximum respondents are male (92%). Female are not participated to access credit as well membership. 2. The age group 30–50 years covers 68% respondent, the youth group not interested in farming. 3. The education level of all surveyed respondents is not well only 45% are graduates. 4. The marital status ratio is high 88% respondents are married. 5. The percentage of OBC (56%) is high in overall surveyed respondents. 6. The common family size of District is 4 – 7 Members. 7. As many as 72% respondents had 3 – 10 acre of land, 16% had small and 12% had large area. 8. Most of the respondents (72%) are fully engaged in Farming, 16% part time involved in farming, 8% were agricultural labour % respondent medium risk oriented 16% low and 12% high risk oriented. 10. Among respondents 48% are earned more than 1 Lakh annually, 24% more than 75000, annual income rate is high.

35. Best Practice Case Studies Report –
The best performing cooperative cases of Kabirdham district are serving for the betterment of rural people of the district as well socio-economic development of the district. The data relating to the selected best practice cooperatives have been obtained from annual reports and direct personal interview.
1. In the Kabirdham district 2 Primary CARD Banks and 60 PACS providing credit to their members through 8 branches of DCCB.
2. In the district the main crop paddy, procures at minimum support prices by 71 paddy procurement centres covered by 60 PACS.
3. In Kabirdham district 386 Fair Price Shop distributing consumer goods and other essential commodities at subsidized prices. The Public Distribution System is dynamic and role model. Supreme Court of India recommended the PDS of Chhattisgarh as Role Model for all over India.
4. Due to favourable climate the Bhoramdev cooperative sugar factory was established in 2001 at Ramhepur of Kabirdham district, made a spectacular success.
5. The tendu leaves collected in the district by the government through primary minor forest produce societies.

36. Key Performance Indicators / Parameters – (10 Categories 30 Indicators)
An exercise is made to evolve suitable indicators/parameters to assess the performance of cooperative movement. The contribution of the sampled PACS has been analyzed with the help of indicators. The indicators assessed on the basis of the data collected from the primary and secondary sources.
Results and Discussion – Ratings / Findings –

37. Key Performance Indicators Assessment Report –
From the analysis and assessment of the key performance indicators, the results are –
1. Agricultural Credit –
Agricultural credit is most important and primary factor of cooperative movement. The lending process of PACS is easy, rate of interest is low but the repayment and recovery of credit is poor. Agricultural credit facilities and services rated excellent by 252 respondents.
2. Agricultural Inputs –
Agricultural inputs are essential for the performance of agriculture in the rural areas. The agricultural inputs like seeds, fertilizers and equipments/machinery are quality products. Agricultural inputs rated good by 182 respondents.
3. Agricultural Marketing –
Agricultural Marketing is very important for the performance of PACS. Agricultural marketing societies provide effective services to the farmers. Agricultural marketing services rated good by 168 respondents.
4. Paddy Procurement –
Chhattisgarh government procures the main crop, paddy at local purchase centres through the PACS. The online paddy procurement system assures price support, timely payment and bonus. Paddy procurement system and services rated excellent by 308 respondents.
5. Public Distribution System –
The public distribution system of Chhattisgarh is role model and best in India, it was encouraged by Hon’ble Supreme Court of India. Core-PDS assures timely distribution of essential commodities at local fair price shops without any corruption. The PDS rated excellent by 280 respondents.

38. 6. Employment – Employment is very important factor for the performance of cooperatives. Cooperative movement provides regular and seasonal employment by the way of agricultural and allied activities. The employment indicator rated good by 154 respondents. 7. Awareness – Awareness is most important indicators for the success or performance of cooperative movement. Cooperative movement creates awareness among general people about government schemes/plans. Awareness parameter rated good by 182 respondents. 8. Services – Cooperative movement renders many types services for betterment and development. Services of PACS/PAMS provide through the channel of cooperatives. The services of cooperative movement rated good by 196 respondents. 9. Developments – Cooperative movement developed the economic and social environment. The PACS plays important role for development of socioeconomic condition of members and for community development. Development indicator rated good by 252 respondents. 10. Satisfaction – Satisfaction is last stage of any type of economic activities. Cooperative movement plays major role for moral, social and financial satisfaction. The satisfaction indicator rated good by 224 respondents.

39. Graphical Presentation –

40. An Overview / Chapter Plan
The study divided in 9 chapters –
Chapter 1: Introduction.
Chapter 2: Review of Literature.
Chapter 3: Materials and Methods.
Chapter 4: Cooperative Movement in the World and India.
Chapter 5: Cooperative Movement in Chhattisgarh.
Chapter 6: A Profile of Kabirdham District.
Chapter 7: Cooperative Movement in Kabirdham District.
Chapter 8: Performance Analysis of Cooperative Movement in Kabirdham District.
Chapter 9: Recommendations and Conclusion.

41. Cooperative Scenario of Kabirdham District
The cooperatives have made an all-round progress and their role and contribution in agricultural progress has been significant. Cooperatives banks are providing all round assistance and proved to be an institution where ‘Growth with Social Justice’ exists. Cooperatives are guided by the principle ‘each for all and all for each’ Cooperatives are working for the 360* development of the rural area of district. The cooperatives in District have a political, historical, social and cultural heritage. It is found that contribution of cooperatives in socio-economic development as well the progress of cooperative movement is very satisfactory.

42. Problems / Weaknesses –
Researcher has made an attempt to understand, analyze and find out the problems, weakness and causes of slow progress of cooperative movement from socio-economic point of view –
1. Poor Performance and Lack of Financial Viability.
2. Lack of Professional Management and HRD Policy.
3. Excessive Government Control and Political Interference.
4. Lack of Good Quality Leadership.
5. Poor Board Management Relation.
6. Lack of Supervision and Inspection.
7. Poor Work Environment.
8. Lack of Awareness.
9. Functional Weakness.
10. Lack of Training and Education.
11. Lack of Policy Support.
12. Corruption.

43. Suggestions / Recommendations –
Based on observations and findings from reports of various committees on cooperatives and from our research work researcher present a consolidated proposals and suggestions for the improvement and betterment in the working of cooperatives –
1. Reform Cooperative Laws.
2. Active Participation of Members.
3. Establish Professional Cooperative Management Centers.
4. Political and Religious Neutrality.
5. Limited Government Control.
6. Improve Good Quality Leadership.
7. Focus on Prime Objective.
8. Policy Support.
9. Proper Coordination.
10. Control on Corruption.
11. Technical Support.
12. Practice Good Human Resource Management (HRM).

44. Further Research Potential / Policy Implication –
Future Scope /Area of Research –
This research study will bring benefit for future research as there is limited quantitative research found on cooperative movement particularly in Chhattisgarh. The results of the present study are useful to the policy planners in their efforts to improve the present system. It will be useful to the academicians and students in their study on the present system.
The areas are suggested for further research in cooperative movement an in depth study of the other districts of the state of Chhattisgarh, other states in the country and the study of cooperative development or performance.
1. Study on performance analysis of cooperative movement.
2. Study on socio-economic assessment of cooperative movement.
3. Study on socio-economic impact of cooperative movement on rural economy.
4. Study on key performance indicators of cooperatives.
5. Study on problems and prospects of cooperative movement.
6. Study on cooperative credit structure.
7. Study of best practice cooperative cases.

45. End of Presentation
Thank You