1. Elements and compounds

3. Objectives: Atoms and Elements
There are billions of materials in our universe.
Those materials are made up from about 100 elements only.

4. Elements: Substances that cannot be broken down further

5. An element is a substance that is made from one kind of atom only
An element is a substance that is made from one kind of atom only. It cannot be broken down into simpler substances.
atom
atom
An element
An element

6. A compound is a substance that is made from more than one element.
atom
atom
A compound made up of 2 different elements
A compound made up of 7 different elements

7. A compound can be broken down into elements
An element
An element
A compound made up of 3 different elements
An element

8. A compound can be broken down into elements
An element
An element
A compound made up of 3 different elements
An element

9. Water graphite Carbon dioxide Oxygen Chalk Wax Table salt Caffeine
Material
Made up of:
Element or compound
Water
Hydrogen and Oxygen
graphite
Carbon
Carbon dioxide
Carbon and Oxygen
Oxygen
Chalk
Calcium, Carbon & Oxygen
Wax
Carbon & Hydrogen
Table salt
Sodium & Chlorine
Caffeine
Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen & Oxygen

10. Water C graphite E Carbon dioxide Oxygen Chalk Wax Table salt Caffeine
Material
Made up of:
Element or compound
Water
Hydrogen and Oxygen C
graphite
Carbon E
Carbon dioxide
Carbon and Oxygen
Oxygen
Chalk
Calcium, Carbon & Oxygen
Wax
Carbon & Hydrogen
Table salt
Sodium & Chlorine
Caffeine
Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen & Oxygen

11. Draw a line between the molecule and its name
Draw a line between the molecule and its name. Tell which of these are compounds ?
Hydrogen chloride HCl
Chlorine Cl2
Carbon dioxide CO2
Methane CH4

12. Draw a line between the molecule and its name
Draw a line between the molecule and its name. Tell which of these are compounds ?
Hydrogen chloride HCl
Chlorine Cl2
Carbon dioxide CO2
Methane CH4

13. Ancient ideas of elements
Greek
Chinese

14. The Periodic Table Objective:
To learn the symbols and properties of 20 elements in the periodic table.

15. The Periodic Table is a useful way to arrange elements.
The vertical columns are called groups.
The horizontal rows are called periods.
Elements in the same group have similar properties.
Three quarters of the elements are metals.
One quarter of the elements are non-metals.

16. 109 In total
92 Found naturally
17 Made in the Laboratory

17. Rules for chemical symbols:
The symbol is usually the first one or two letters of the name. C (Carbon), Ca (Calcium)
Sometimes the old (Latin) name is used. Cu / Cuprum (copper)
The first letter of a symbol id always a capital letter. Ca, Cl, Na….
The second letter of a symbol is always a small letter.
Every element has a different symbol.

18. Now look in your periodic table and find the symbols of the following elements, then find out if it is a metal or a non-metal:
Copper ……..
Iron ………..
Magnesium ………..
Chlorine ………..
Carbon …………
Sodium …….
Lead ……….
Gold ………
Calcium ……..
Fluorine ……….

19. Now look in your periodic table and find name that corresponds to the following symbol:
Fe ……..
Mg ………..
Ag ………..
K ………..
C …………
Ca …….
Na ……….
N ………
Ne ……..
Pb ……….

20. Fe

21. Cu

22. N

23. F

24. K

25. Zn

26. Li

27. Al

28. O

29. Only eleven are gases H, O, N, F, Cl, He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, Rn
Neon light

30. Just two are liquids

31. The rest are solids

32. Metals and nonmetal elements

33. Most elements are metals 91/109

34. Metals

35. Malleable ductile

41. Non-metals

42. metals vs non-metal elements

43. Silicon – between metal and non-metals

44. Semi-metals / metalloids

45. Use of metalloids

46. Silicon valley in California

48. Review questions Q1. The symbol of Nitrogen is: a. Na b. N c. Ni
Q2. Hg is the symbol of:
a. Hydrogen b. Helium c. Mercury
Q3. The percentage of metals in the periodic table is:
a. 75% b. 50% c. 25%
Q4. Water is not in the periodic table because:
a. It is a liquid substance b. It is a natural substance
c. It is a compound not an element

49. The Periodic Table Q1. The symbol of Nitrogen is: a. Na b. N c. Ni
Q2. Hg is the symbol of:
a. Hydrogen b. Helium c. Mercury
Q3. The percentage of metals in the periodic table is:
a. 75% b. 50% c. 25%
Q4. Water is not in the periodic table because:
a. It is a liquid substance b. It is a natural substance
c. It is a compound not an element