1. Scientific Notation and Significant Figures

2. Scientific Notation
In science we often use very large or very small numbers, scientific notation make them easier to calculate.
Multiply a number by a power of 10x
It takes the form N.NN x 10N
If the number is larger than 1, move the decimal to the left and multiply by 10x
836,000,000,000 = 8.36 x 1011
If the number is less than 1, move the decimal to the right and multiply by 10-x
= 4.8 x 10-6

3. Try These
60,800,000,000
6.08 x 1010
245,000,000
2.45 x 108
6.8 x 10-9
602,000,000,000,000,000,000,000
6.02 x 1023
4.67 x 10-7
-7.12 x 10-5

4. On your calculator Get out your calculator!!!
How to enter the following number in your calculator…
6.02 x 1023
6.02 EE or EXP 23
Enter the following in your calculator:
6.02 x 1023/2.5 x 10-12
2.408 x 1035

5. Significant Figures Not all digits in a number are significant
We use significant figures to show how precisely something in measured.

6. What digits are significant? THINK Right Right Rule
All digits 1-9 are significant.
Zeros between digits 1-9 are significant.
Zeros to the right of digits after a decimal are significant.
Zeros at the end of a number with no decimal are never significant.
Zeros at the beginning of a number are never significant.

8. For example
1001 4
0015.0 3
3.42 x 105
2.00 x 10-8
100.00 5
865035 6
842000 3
348.00 5
04892 4

9. You Try
6088
12000
01500
12.003 4 2 6 5 3 7

10. Adding and subtracting
When adding or subtracting the answer can only have as many decimal places as the least amount from numbers being added in the problem.

11. Adding Example =

12. Multiplying and dividing
Take the least amount of sig figs of the numbers that are being multiplied or divided.
4.25 x 3.2 = 13.6 or 14 3 2

13. Defined Numbers Defined numbers have infinite significant figures.
1 dozen = 12
1 gross = 144
1 mile = 5280 ft
Counted numbers have infinite sig figs.