1. Lesson 9 (continued) Burns
First Degree (superficial)-
Involves only top layer of skin
Skin is red and dry, usually painful and the area may swell
Usually heals within a week without permanent scarring

2. Burns- Severity (continued)
Second Degree (partial thickness):
Involves the top layers of skin
Skin is red; usually painful; has blisters that may open and weep clear fluid making the skin appear wet; may appear mottled and often swells
Usually heals in 3-4 weeks and may scar

3. Burns- Severity (continued)
Third Degree (full thickness):
May destroy all layers of skin and some or all of the underlying structures
Skin may be brown or black with the tissue underneath appearing white; pain level varies depending on nerve damage
Healing may require medical assistance; scarring is likely

4. Types of Burns
Chemical- may be wet or dry chemical, i.e. instant ice pack or ice melt (granulated)
Electrical- electricity
Radiation (Sun)- sunburn
Thermal (Heat)- heating pad

5. Care for chemical burns
Remove clothes that may be contaminated
Dry chemicals: brush the chemical off with a gloved hand, then flush the area with tap water under pressure
Wet chemicals: flush the burn with large amounts of cold running water
If chemical is in eye: have person flush eye out with large amounts of running water

6. Care for electrical burns
Never go near a person who is in contact with electricity
Call 911
Turn off power at its source and care for life-threatening injuries
Electrocution can lead to cardiac and respiratory emergencies
Care for shock and thermal burns
Definite need for advanced medical care

7. Care for burns (Thermal or Radiation)
Check the scene for safety (fire, down power lines, etc.)
Stop the burning be removing the person from the source of the burn
Check for life-threatening conditions
Cool the burn with large amounts of cold running water *
Cover the burn loosely with sterile dressing

8. Care for Burns- Continued
Prevent Infection
Take steps to minimize shock
Keep person from getting chilled or overheated
*DO NOT apply running water to possible dry chemical burn

9. Care for burns- What NOT to do!
DO NOT apply ice or ice water except on small, superficial burn and for no more than 10 minutes.
DO NOT touch a burn with anything other than a sterile dressing/bandage
DO NOT remove clothing that may be stuck to a burn
DO NOT try to clean a severe burn
DO NOT break blisters
DO NOT use any ointment on a severe burn

10. Nose Injuries Usually caused by blunt trauma
Care- have person pinch the end of their nose with dressing/gauze and lean forward

11. Tooth Injuries If person’s tooth is knocked out:
Control bleeding by rolling up a piece of gauze and placing where the tooth was
With a gloved hand, pick up the tooth by the crown (white part)
Place the tooth in milk to save the tooth
Person should see Dentist asap