1. 8-1 What you need to know for the 1st Semester Exam:

2. Why were Native Americans frustrated by the continued settlement of Europeans in South Carolina?
European settlers continually expanded and moved in to areas that belonged to the Native Americans- pushing the Native Americans out.

3. Many English settlers came from Barbados and settled in South Carolina
Many English settlers came from Barbados and settled in South Carolina. Why did these settlers have so much success when they came to South Carolina?
They adopted a plantation system similar to the plantation system they had used in Barbados which led them to be very successful in South Carolina.

4. Because it grew so well in South Carolina, and it was the colony's first cash crop, The name Carolina Gold became associated with South Carolina’s first cash crop. This crop grew well in the Carolina Lowcountry marsh areas. What was Carolina Gold?
Rice

5. South Carolina had abundant forests
South Carolina had abundant forests. This created a convenient timber industry and was also as source for naval stores. Naval stores were products distilled from the tree like pitch and tar. What were these naval stores used for?
Pitch and tar were used to waterproof wooden ships

6. England and other European nations established colonies and an economic system of mercantilism. According to the theory of mercantilism, what should the mother country be doing with its trading?
The mother country should: import raw materials from her colonies export finished products to her colonies

7. Eliza Lucas Pinckney helped develop the valuable cash crop of Indigo for South Carolina. What use for indigo made it so valuable as a cash crop?
It was used as a blue dye for fabric and the demand for the dye in Europe made it a very valuable cash crop

8. The uses of African slaves was vital to the success of South Carolina during the early 1700’s. Why was South Carolina so dependent on slavery?
South Carolina’s main cash crops were indigo and rice which were very labor intensive crops and required many slaves to be brought in to supply the work force that was needed to grow these crops.

9. Why did South Carolina and many other Southern colonies put slave codes in place?
They worried about rebellions and put the codes in place to prevent the large African slave population from organizing and rebelling against the plantation owners.

10. Rebellions by slaves became a major concern after the Stono Rebellion
Rebellions by slaves became a major concern after the Stono Rebellion. Why were South Carolina slave owners so concerned with rebellion?
The African slave population outnumbered the white colonist population by 2 to 1 which concerned slave owners greatly.

11. African slaves who were brought to America developed a new heritage- Gullah. What was Gullah?
A language that was a combination of African dialects and English that was developed and spoken by many African slaves.

12. Who ran South Carolina's colony under the Proprietary Regime
Who ran South Carolina's colony under the Proprietary Regime? Who ran it later when SC had a Royal Government?
The 8 Lord Proprietors ran SC when it was a Proprietary regime. The King of England ran it when it was a Royal colony.

13. The southern colonies all grew crops such as tobacco, cotton, rice and indigo. These southern colonies all developed a similar economy that was based on what?
The southern colonies all grew theses crops on large plantations that required slave labor.

14. South Carolina developed into an agricultural colony while the New England colonies were mostly industrial colonies. Why was this?
South Carolina had fertile soil and a climate more suited for farming. New England had a colder climate and rocky soil.

15. How would you describe the difference between Low Country farmers and Back Country farmers?
Low Country had large plantations with many slaves.
Backcountry had small farms with very few or no slaves.

16. In the Back Country in the 1760’s, citizens started a Regulator Movement. What was the purpose of the Regulator Movement?
Since there was so much crime and disorder, they tried to establish control of government and law and order in the Back Country.

17. Where did most of the English settlers who came to South Carolina come from?
Barbados

18. African slaves were forced to cross the Atlantic Ocean on wooden ships under terrible conditions. What was this trip called?
The Middle Passage

19. 8-2 What you need to know for the 1st Semester Exam:

20. The excerpt from the Declaration of Independence states that, “ We hold these truths to be self-evident that all men are created equal” and that we have the right to life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness was inspired by whom?
John Locke and the European Enlightenment philosophers

21. Colonists had a tea party in Boston and also in Charleston and smaller cities. Why did colonists have these tea parties?
It was a protest against the monopoly that was given to the East India Tea Company..colonists did not like being told who they had to buy their tea from!

22. Why were colonists so upset about taxes like the Stamp Act and the Townshend Duties?
Parliament passed these taxes without allowing colonial representation in Parliament…”Taxation without representation”

23. When the City of Charleston was captured during the American Revolution, why was it such a blow to the American colonists?
Charleston was one of the biggest and most important port cities south of Philadelphia.

24. How was South Carolina's war debt at the end of the war compared to other colonies?
It had the largest war debt

25. What could be said about most of the battles during the American Revolution that were fought in the Carolinas?
Most of them took place from 1780 to 1781 during the Southern Campaign.

26. During the time of the French and Indian War, what did the Cherokee Nation do in the Carolinas?
They started the Cherokee War by attacking settlements in North and South Carolina.

27. Why is the French and Indian War considered a leading cause of the American Revolution?
The British spent a lot of money fighting the war and decided to tax the colonists to pay off the war debt which led to the famous saying: "taxation without representation.”

28. How did militia troops(or partisan troops) contribute to helping the Patriots during American Revolution?
They used unconventional fighting practices like surprise attacks or guerilla warfare which frustrated the British.

29. The Battle of Camden was a disaster for the Patriots
The Battle of Camden was a disaster for the Patriots. What was one positive outcome that occurred because of this battle?
General George Washington chose Nathaniel Greene to take over the command of the Southern Campaign. Greene was a great leader and helped to turn the tide of the war after that.

30. The first battle for Charleston at Sullivan’s Island (Fort Moultrie) was a victory for the Patriots who managed to hold onto Charleston early in the war. Why was this battle so important?
The British were stopped from capturing Charleston, a very important southern port city. If they had captured it, the Patriots might have lost the war.

31. What was the most effective protest that the colonists did against the Stamp Act?
Boycotting British goods

32. What did the First Continental Congress in 1774 decide to do?
They met to discuss what actions they should take against Britain and decided to boycott British goods

33. The slogan that colonists would use in response to being taxed without their consent was:
“No taxation without representation”

34. Which battle in South Carolina during the American Revolution was an example of American Patriots fighting American Loyalists?
The Battle of Kings Mountain

35. What was the main purpose of the Declaration of Independence?
It stated that the colonies wanted to break free, or sever ties, with England and it listed the reasons why.

36. How did most American colonists feel about England in the years leading up to the American Revolution?
Colonists were split between Patriots who wanted to go to war and those who wanted to stay loyal to the King (Loyalists).

37. What was the name of the last battle of the American Revolution to be fought in South Carolina?
Battle of Eutaw Springs

38. 8-3 What you need to know for the 1st Semester Exam:

39. What was the Great Compromise that delegates came up with at the Constitutional Convention?
A House of Representatives- based on population.
A Senate that would have two senators from each state…regardless of populatoin

40. Anti- Federalists were against ratifying the Constitution
Anti- Federalists were against ratifying the Constitution. What were they worried about?
They worried that a central government with too much power would be just like a monarchy that they had just gotten rid of.

41. What is the Bill of Rights?
The first 10 amendments to the Constitution that guarantee basic liberties of individuals against the power of government.

42. How were Loyalists treated after the Revolutionary War?
Patriots punished Loyalists by fining them, taking their land, and forcing many Loyalists to leave South Carolina altogether.

43. Lowcountry delegates to the Ratification Convention held in Charleston supported ratifying the Constitution. Most of the state’s population lived in the Backcountry and they opposed ratification. How did the Constitution end up winning support?
The Lowcountry simply had more votes because they held the convention in Charleston instead of Columbia so they outvoted the backcountry representatives.

44. How did the invention of the cotton gin change the balance of power in South Carolina?
Cotton plantations and slavery spread to the Backcountry.
This gave wealthy plantation owners in the Backcountry more negotiating power with the Lowcountry elite and helped to even out representation.

45. Why did Americans feel that the War of 1812 was a great victory even though very little changed after the war?
The new country of the United States felt it had proved that it could compete and fight with any of the world powers in Europe.

46. The ability of the three branches of government to override or undo and monitor what another branch is doing is called what?
Checks and Balances

47. What is the main role of the Executive Branch?
To enforce the laws and appoint federal officials.

48. What is the main role of the Judicial Branch?
To apply or interpret the laws, review laws, and serve as a legal mediator

49. What is the main role of the Legislative Branch?
To CREATE laws, declare war, and regulate trade

50. The Compromise of 1808 in South Carolina changed representation in the General Assembly to be based on what?
Representation was based on both white population and wealth.

51. When George Washington became President, the first political parties formed. Why did this happen?
Political leaders like Jefferson and Hamilton had different views on certain issues like a national bank and their followers took sides and split into political parties.
There were the Federalists and the Democratic-Republicans.

52. The phrase “We the People…” in the Preamble of the Constitution stresses what important big idea about our government?
Power in the government is derived, or comes from, the people (the voters).