1. Land Corruption in Africa
Finding evidence, triggering change

2. Transparency International’s Land and Corruption in Africa Programme: the overall goal

3. The intervention: key issues we identified in our baseline
Lack of accessible and understandable information.
Inadequate access to justice on land issues for men and women.
Corruption in land administration and land registration procedures.
Secrecy and opaqueness around large land transactions and political corruption which might be part of it.
Lack of monitoring and social accountability mechanisms to prevent and prohibit corrupt practices in the land sector at local, national and regional level.
Absence of multi-stakeholder dialogue effectively tackling corruption in the land sector and building a strong coalition against it.

4. The evidence: some baseline statistics
Tenure security: almost 50% of men and women who own or use land perceive their tenure as insecure, and that public officials, private investors, and traditional leaders can take away their land at any time;
Control over land: about 20% of men and women believe that public officials make the decisions about land use in their communities, while 16% see traditional leaders as the ultimate decision-makers;
Participation in decision making: only 5% of men and women had participated in consultative meetings in the past year, but almost 70% believe that participation is highly important;
Seeking redress: very few respondents said they had taken action against land rights violations; either because did not know what to do, or because they feared retaliation;
Bribery: almost 30% were asked for a bribe in the last 12 months, mainly by public officials and traditional leaders;
The Currency of Corruption
The evidence: some baseline statistics

5. Why men and women pay bribes

6. Land-related issues as experienced by women

7. The intervention: operations
TI National Chapters: Cameroon, Ghana, Liberia, Kenya, Madagascar, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Uganda, Zambia, and Zimbabwe.
The chapters either work directly with communities, particularly those most affected or at risk of experiencing land corruption, or with and through local partners.
The purpose of this community-rooted work is twofold:
to empower communities and individuals to finally hold duty bearers to account, leading to changes in the behavior of stakeholders involved;
to inform advocacy strategies in order to enable policy and institutional change.
Cross-regional activities on research, engaging young people, preventing urban land corruption, capacity building, gender
The intervention: operations

8. Addressing key land corruption issues, triggering change
Low levels of information, participation, engagement:
Facilitating participation and raising awareness on land rights;
Land tenure insecurity, fear of evictions:
Advocate for closing gaps in policies and legal frameworks;
Social accountability of traditional leaders and local officials;
Clean and open contracting;
Grievance mechanisms.
Addressing key land corruption issues, triggering change

9. To trigger change: anti-land corruption work needs to be gender-responsive

10. To trigger change: communities take the lead in calling for change and demand social accountability

11. To trigger change: young social entrepreneurs spark innovations

12. To trigger change: urban planners build their capacity

13. To trigger change: young researchers come together to enhance knowledge

14. To trigger change: everybody is part of the solution

15. All governments, businesses, civil society and the public to recognize that land corruption is a serious threat to all livelihoods.
All governments to identify weaknesses in administration systems that facilitate land corruption and seek solutions to support good land governance.
Businesses in the land sector to act responsibly, transparently and fairly when entering into deals with governments and traditional authorities. This must include public disclosure of beneficial ownership information.
All governments and businesses to protect land corruption whistleblowers. This should include setting up or support for dedicated channels through which whistleblowers can report land corruption anonymously.
All citizens to be vigilant and report land corruption, resist paying bribes for land services, and demand accountability from political and traditional leaders in land affairs.
The TI global movement calls for corruption-free land governance worldwide

16. Thank you