1. B TEC Level 2 Diploma in Sport Carlos Munoz
The Muscular System
B TEC Level 2 Diploma
in Sport
Carlos Munoz

2. Task 1 – Quick quiz
Immoveable
What is the name of the mineral stored in the bones?
Where would you find the condyloid joint?
Where are blood cells produced?
Which limb consists of four bones?
A hinge joint is shaped to allow which type of movement to take place?
Which term describes movement away from the body?
This type of joint can be found in the neck?
This type of joint can be found in the skull?
This type of synovial allows the greatest range of movement?
Which bones protect the heart and lungs?
Pivot
Calcium
Wrist
Ball and socket
Bone marrow
Flexion
The leg
Ribs
Abduction

3. Session aims To identify the major muscles of the body? (P3)
To describe the different types of muscles and their movement (P4)
To explain how antagonistic muscle pairs work ? (P4)

4. Human Muscles Task 1 (Pair work)
Write down as many names of the muscles of the body that you know on sticky paper
Place the stick note stick paper in the correct part of the body of your partner

5. Types of Muscle 3 types of muscle tissue are; Smooth muscle
Cardiac muscle
Skeletal Muscle
Task 2 (In pairs)
Write down the characteristics of each type of muscle and state where it can be found

6. The Voluntary Muscle
Allows movement to take place on a voluntary basis (because you want it to), also, called skeletal muscle
Tendons attach skeletal muscle to the bones, thus when a muscle contracts it moves the bones that they are attached to
The points where muscles attach to the bones are called origin and insertion.
When a muscle contracts the origin stays still while the insertion moves the bone that you want to move

7. The Involuntary muscle
This is an involuntary muscle and works consciously
These muscles are found inside the body organs and arteries
The involuntary muscles functions is to move food within the gut, to help give birth and to control the diameter of the arteries that control blood flow around the body

8. Cardiac muscle
The heart is made up of cardiac muscle (also called myocardium)
Cardiac muscle is also involuntary as it contracts subconsciously
The muscle consists of specialised fibres that do not tire

9. Task 2 – Match the terms to the definitions
Cardiac muscle Smooth muscle Skeletal muscle
Attached to the skeleton to make movement. Under our conscious control
Found only in the heart. Work continuously without our conscious control
Found around internal organs. Work without our conscious control

10. Task 3 – Label the diagram
Anterior view
Biceps, Deltoids, Pectoralis Major, Rectus abdominus,
Internal and external oblique's, Iliopsoas (hip flexors),
Adductors, Quadriceps, Tibialis Anetrior
Posterior view
Trapezius, Triceps, Latissimus Dorsi, Erector Spinae
Gluteus Maximus, Abductors, Hamstrings,
Gastrocnemius, Soleus

11. Muscles of the body

12. Muscle Movement
Tendons are responsible for joining skeletal muscle to your bones
They are chords made of tough tissue, and they work to connect muscle to bones. When a muscle contracts, it pulls on the tendon, which in turn pulls on the bones and therefore makes the bone move
Muscles only produce pulling movements, thus each muscle has a partner that can return the body to it’s original position, these are antagonistic muscle pairs

13. Antagonistic muscle pairs
This is when muscles work in pairs, this is known as antagonistic muscle pairs
Antagonistic muscle pairs is when one muscle contracts, it’s partner relaxes
In the diagram the biceps and triceps are working together. Initially, in the upward phase of the bicep curl the bicep is pulling (contracting). Thereafter, in the downward phase of the bicep curl the tricep is pulling/contracting

14. Task 4 – Muscles and movement
There are 3 different types of muscle in the human body. Describe each, giving examples of where you would find them in your body.
Copy out the table below, then draw a line to link the correct muscle next to it’s antagonistic pair. If you are not sure, identify where you would find each muscle on your body and then try to work out where it’s partner is.
Describe the process of how muscles work in antagonistic pairs to produce movement, giving an example in the body. Note, muscles can only pull.
Biceps
Trapezius
Hamstrings
Erector Spinae
Abdominals
Quadriceps
Deltoids
Triceps