1. Modeling Divergent Evolution

2. Warm Up: Set up your notes in your notebook
Page: 55 Title: Cladograms Date: 1/18 EQ: How can I model divergent evolution Standard: B8B Categorize organisms using a hierarchical classification system based on similarities and differences shared among groups

3. Essential question: How can I model divergent evolution?
Standard: B8B Categorize organisms using a hierarchical classification system based on similarities and differences shared among groups
Essential question: How can I model divergent evolution?

4. Cladograms by Bozeman

5. Divergent evolution can lead to speciation.
Divergent evolution describes evolution toward different traits in closely related species.
Divergent evolution can lead to speciation.
kit fox
red fox
ancestor

6. EVOLUTIONARY CLASSIFICATION
Biologists group organisms into categories that represent lines of evolutionary descent, or phylogeny, not just physical similarities.
What is Phylogeny: The study of evolutionary relationships among organisms.

7. Cladograms A B C D E F Clade or lineage TIME
The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Third Edition copyright © 1992 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Electronic version licensed from INSO Corporation; further reproduction and distribution restricted in accordance with the Copyright Law of the United States. All rights reserved.
Speciation: formation of two
new species from one

8. Classification using Cladograms
Cladograms are diagrams that use derived characteristics to illustrate evolutionary relationships.
What is a Clade: A group of organisms, such as a species, whose members share homologous features derived from a common ancestor.

9. Classification using CladogramsB C D E F
Clade or
lineage
TIME
The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Third Edition copyright © 1992 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Electronic version licensed from INSO Corporation; further reproduction and distribution restricted in accordance with the Copyright Law of the United States. All rights reserved.
Speciation: formation of two
new species from one

10. Classification using Cladograms
The cladogram on the next slide shows the evolutionary relationship among several vertebrates.

11. Classification using Cladograms
Jaws
Lungs
Claws
or Nails
Feathers
Hagfish
Fish
Frog
Lizard
Pigeon
Mouse
Chimp
Fur &
Mammary
Glands
Speciation: formation of two
new species from one
Derived Characteristics

13. Cladogram Mini Lab Dinosaurs Derived Trait A B C D E F G
Hole in Hip socket
Yes
Extension of pubis bone No
Unequal enamel on teeth
Skull has “shelf” in back
Grasping Hands
Three- Toed Foot

14. 5 6 4 3 2 1 Primates Rodents & Rabbits Sharks Crocodiles Dinosaurs
Ray finned fishes
Amphibians 5 6 4
Two 3 2
Vertebra 1

15. A B C D E F G 6 3
Three –Toed Hind Food 5
Grasping Hand 2 4 1

16. Complete your cladogram assignment by the end of class
CHAMPS
C- Talk with the person next to you only
H- Raise your hand and wait patiently
A- Work on the assignment until it is complete
M- Stay in your seat unless you need to sharpen your pencil
P- Complete the activity and help your partner

17. For 1-8
Segmented Body
Crushing Mouthparts
Abdominal appendages

18. What do the lizard, pigeon, mouse, and chimp all have in common?