1. THIONOL

2. About Neftesintez LLC
SPE “Neftesintez” LLC (located in Moscow, Russia) is a research and production enterprise that was established in 2009.
The main mission of the Enterprise is to develop the THIONOL technology, which have been discovered by a group of scientists from Moscow State University, and utilize it to be implemented for production scale in the Oil and Gas markets starting from Russia to the other Oil and gas markets around the globe.
In 2011, The THIONOL technology was used on Production scale for the first time in Russia .
In 2011, the THIONOL technology was implemented for the first time in Kazakhstan.
In 2016, Corrosion Science Technology (CST) became the agent of THIONOL Technology in Iran.

3. The THIONOL Catalyst
THIONOL is a water or oil soluble additive that is used for following processes:
Hydrogen Sulfide Removal From Crude Oil And Oil Products
Methyl Ethyl Mercaptan Removal From Crude Oil And Oil Products
Hydrogen Sulfide Removal From Water
Kerosene Sweetening
Copper Corrosion Improvement In Distillates.

4. Advantages of THIONOL
THIONOL is nontoxic, nonflammable and noncorrosive
THIONOL doesn’t have a negative impact on characteristics of treated fuel
Reduction of hydrogen sulfide and mercaptan content is provided by direct conversion into less noxious sulfides
2nH2S + thionol → nHSSH +(2H)n thionol
2nRSH + thionol → nRSSR+(2H)n thionol
THIONOL catalyst causes an irreversible conversion of hydrogen sulfide and mercaptans
Average consumption of THIONOL is ppm of catalyst per 1 ppm of active sulfur depending on treatment conditions (temperature, contact time, use of air to support oxidation).
Reduce Operational and Capital costs.
THIONOL is non-Triazine and non-amine based product

5. Hydrogen Sulfide Removal From Crude Oil And Oil Products
Commonly used Methods for removing Hydrogen Sulfide from Crude Oil and Oil Products are as per following:
Stripping Columns
Catalytic oxidative methods by atmospheric oxygen in presence of cobalt catalyst and ammonia
Scavengers treatment (triazine, formaldehyde).
The main disadvantages of the first two methods is the high losses of oil in form of hydrocarbon vapor and reducing the quality of treated Crude Oil / Oil Product
The disadvantages of the most commonly used scavengers are high toxicity, low efficiency and corrosiveness effect of the reaction

6. Traditional Scavenger
Hydrogen Sulfide Removal From Crude Oil And Oil Products
The scavenger-catalyst (Thionol) is used for binding hydrogen sulfide with a procedure that does not require any special equipment.
Thionol is not a triazine or formaldehyde based product.
THIONOL is appeared as a water and oil - soluble liquid additive.
THIONOL is waste-free and environmentally friendly.
THIONOL technology is applicable in refineries and oil fields.
Traditional Scavenger
THIONOL
Method Of Application
Dosing Into Flow
Rate Of Dosage (Chemical ppm / H2S ppm)
3/1
1/1
Harmful Contaminant
Formaldehyde/ triazine No
Air Pollution
Gel Formation In Pipeline
Yes
Static Mixer
Fuel For Treatment
Diagram of THIONOL treatment
Storage Tank
THIONOL

7. Hydrogen Sulfide Scavenger THIONOL For Water Treatment
Maintaining the pressure in the earth layers is done by injection water in the bottom hole formation zone of the oil field where In many cases, the oil recovery falls rapidly.
The reason for the clogging layer is iron, which interacts with hydrogen sulfide to highlight the flakes of 1 to 3 mm. concentrated in the capillaries and pores of the oil zone of the layer.
Long-term injection of liquid into the bottomhole zone of oil recovery prematurely drops due to the accumulation of iron sulfide in the capillaries and pores of the oil zone of the layer.
By Implementing the THIONOL Technology, hydrogen sulfide can be removed from water value of less than 2 ppm, which will result in:
Eliminating the cause of the formation of sulphide flakes.
Reduce the formation of sulfide slick on boundary "oil-water" and hence reducing the cost of de-mulsifiers.
THIONOL consumption is very low where it can reach ration 1:1
THIONOL does not contain heavy metals, can be used at any pH, Soluble in water and in oil and the reaction products are water-soluble sulphates.

8. Methyl Ethyl Mercaptan Removal From Crude Oil And Oil Products
most widespread different versions of alkaline treatment is used for the removal of methyl and ethyl mercaptans. This method lead to forming large amounts of highly toxic sulfur-alkaline waste that is very difficult to dispose.
Disadvantages of alkaline de-mercaptanization:
Formation sulfur-alkaline waste
High water consumption for the manufacture of alkaline solution
The high losses of treated oil, by air supply.
The high level of capital expenditures
Long period of reaching the project indicators
Not able to treat the heavy weighted mercaptans

9. Methyl Ethyl Mercaptan Removal From Crude Oil And Oil Products
The advantages of the catalyst THIONOL towards alkaline Demercaptanization
No capital expenditures.
No requirement of changing the parameters of the treated crude oil (temperature, pressure, etc.).
No requirement of air usage (which eliminate the flaring exhaust need for air regeneration with alkali emissions of acid gases ( SO2 )).
Waste-free (No requirement for Sulfur-alkaline waste disposal).
Capability to remove light and heavy mercaptans.
Doesn’t not contain any toxic or aggressive ingredients (caustic alkal , formaldehyde, triazine, etc.).
The average consumption
of the THIONOL is equal to 1-3 ppm
per 1 ppm of active sulfur.
Static Mixer
Fuel For Treatment
Diagram of THIONOL treatment
Storage Tank
THIONOL

10. The rate of the catalytic reaction

11. Kerosene sweetening
Kerosene shall meet the requirements of total sulfur levels less than 0.2% weight, and content of mercaptan less than 0.003% for jet fuel and 0.001% - for military jet fuel.
THIONOL is used for irreversible conversion of the mercaptans into neutral compound;
THIONOL sweetening is much cheaper than hydro treating (which is the most common method used for Kerosene sweetening)..
Switch to sweetening process liberates hydro treating facilities that can be used, for example, for production of low-sulfur motor fuels without extra investment resources.

12. Copper Corrosion Improvement in Distillates
The sulfur compounds which remain in the oil after treatment process cause corrosion of metallurgy. Test on the copper plate is designed to evaluate relative grade of corrosiveness of fuel.
Copper corrosion test is a qualitative assessment of corrosiveness of fuel on a copper strip. Tests are carried out in accordance with ASTM D130.
We offer a model of THIONOL catalyst assigned to improve copper corrosion test to fulfill strict requirements.

13. Successful Story Case # 1 Client: LLP Kazakhoil-Aktobe
Location: Alibekmola Oilfield - Kazakhstan
Objective: To replace the existing caustic sweetening unit with more effective and environmental friendly method to be used for Oil sweetening of the crude oil at Alibekmola field to treat the Hydrogen sulfide, Methyl mercaptan and Ethyl mercaptan.
Pilot Project: The pilot project conducted for a period of three months. A comparison between the results of THIONOL and existing Caustic Sweetening until (CSU) are as per following:
Conclusion: Based on the results of the pilot project, the THIONOL have been implemented in Alibekmola oilfield to replace the Caustic Sweetening Unit.
Water content (%)
% of chlorides content (mg/dm3)
H2S
(ppm)
Methyl Mercaptan (ppm)
Ethyl Mercaptan (ppm)
THIONOL
0.03 – 0.04
20.79 – 24.29
5.3 – 10.8
Caustic Sweetening until
24.8 – 31.9
0 – 0.9
0 – 1.9
34.2 – 39.9

14. Review LLP Kazakhoil-Aktobe

15. Successful Story Case # 2 Client: JVC Uralnefteservis
Location: Kungur Region -Russia
Objective: Remove of Hydrogen Sulfide and low molecular weight mercaptan from the crude oil of oilfield (Ozhginkoe).
Concentration of Hydrogen sulfide in crude oil before treatment = ppm
Concentration of Methyl mercaptan in crude oil before treatment = ppm
Concentration of Ethyl mercaptan in crude oil before treatment = ppm
Implementation: in the pilot project, 500 Grams of Thionol have been used to treat one Ton of crude oil. After an average contact time of 40 hours the final concentrations were as per the following:
Concentration of Hydrogen sulfide in crude oil after treatment = 0 ppm
Concentration of Methyl mercaptan in crude oil after treatment = 0 ppm
Concentration of Ethyl mercaptan in crude oil after treatment = 0.8 ppm
Conclusions: From the results of the pilot project, It have been shown that the THIONOL is capable to treat the crude oil to be in compliance with the requirements of the GOST-R standard and was implemented for industrial production scale

16. Review JVC Uralnefteservis

17. Successful Story Case # 3 Client: PSC TAIF-NK
Location: Tatarstan -Russia
Objective: Airless treatment of Visbreaker Naphtha for Mercaptan and hydrogen sulfide and improve copper corrosion test index as per GOST 6321 standard.
Mercaptan concentration before treatment = 5400 ppm
Copper Corrosion Test = 4a
Implementation: in the pilot project, 2500 Grams of Thionol have been used to treat one Ton of Naphtha. After an average contact time of 3 hours, the final concentrations were as per the following:
Concentration of mercaptan after treatment = 0 ppm
Copper Corrosion test after treatment = 1a
Conclusions: From the results of the pilot project, It have been shown that the THIONOL is capable to treat the crude oil in airless conditions and improve Copper Corrosion test result to be in compliance with Class 1 of the GOST 6321.

18. Technologies comparison Table.
Method Of Treatment
Formalfehyde Based Reagents
Triazine Based Reagents
Conventional Caustic Treatment (Merox, DMS, Merichem etc)
Physical methods of treatment (blow-off by clean natural gas, desorption steam stripping, fractionating the light naphtha with subsequent caustic treattment and so on)
THIONOL
Health Hazard (Carcinogen)
Yes No
Health Hazard Of Direct Conact
Insoluble Product Of Reactions. Deposits In Pipelines And Reservoirs.
Hydrogen Sulfide
In Crude Oil
Applicable
In Petroleum Associated Gas
Not Applicable
Limited Efficiency
In Water (Effluent Brine, Oilfield Waters, Sewage Waste Water
Mercaptan
Poor Efficiency
Capex
Low Cost. Conventional Dosing Equipment .
High Cost. Erection Of Special Facilities Is Needed.
Liquid Waste
Difficult to dispose wastes.
wastes.
Other Problems
Malodorous Smell Of Treated Oil. Deposits Formation In Pipelines, Reservoirs, Distillation Column In Refinery
Special Facilities For Spent Caustic Disposal Are Needed
Erection Of Gas Purification Plant Is Needed.

19. Thank you SPE «NefteSintez» LLC (manufacturer)
Of , b. 42, Leninsky prospect, Moscow, Russia, post code
+7 (495)
Thrust Automation LLC
AlQuoz Industrial Area1, UAE P. O. Box , Dubai
CORROSION SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY (CST)
Address: Unit 706, 7th Floor, North Block, Palladium Mall, Moqadas Ardabili St, Tehran, Iran.
Tel: