1. Occupational Health and Safety
Basic Principles and Concepts
for Employees

2. Occupational Health and Safety Basic Principles and Concepts
Employers are required by Government to uphold worker’s rights to safety, health, and welfare in the workplace1.
Definition of Terms:
Health absence of illness or disease
Safety freedom from accident or injury 1

3. Occupational Health and Safety Basic Principles and Concepts
Hazard is anything that can cause accidents (injury/illness to people, or damage to property)
Accidents can come from:
Hazardous conditions in the environment
Hazardous actions that people commit
Risk is the likelihood that something will cause harm, illness or injury

4. Occupational Health and Safety Basic Principles and Concepts
Types of Hazards:
PHYSICAL - noise, vibration, glare, temperature, etc.
CHEMICAL - toxic liquids, industrial gasses, etc.
BIOLOGICAL - molds, pests, sickness/illness…
ERGONOMIC - load carrying tasks, posture...
SAFETY HAZARDS - faulty equipment, falls, slips…
WORKPLACE STRESS – organizational, personal etc.

5. Occupational Health and Safety Basic Principles and Concepts
In order to achieve optimum Health and Safety, jobs and processes must be free from all hazards.
Job Hazard/Safety Analysis: JHA/JSA
Identify – list out tasks and possible hazards
Evaluate – analyze and record observations
Recommend and Correct – control hazards

6. Occupational Health and Safety Basic Principles and Concepts
Sample JHA Form √
Job / Operation:
Job Location:
Date:
Analyzed by:
Remarks/PPE:
Sequence of Basic Tasks
Potential or Existing Hazards
Hazard Controls

7. Occupational Health and Safety Basic Principles and Concepts
Elimination (or else Substitution) of a Hazard is the main priority but if not possible, the steps below are to be taken in proper order.
Hierarchy of Hazard Control:
Engineering – change work area or process, enclose or isolate hazard and more
Administrative – limit time of exposure or train and make warning signs etc.
PPE – use Personal Protective Equipment when hazard cannot be eliminated…

8. Occupational Health and Safety Basic Principles and Concepts
Emergency Preparedness Workers are required to know what to do in case of emergencies in the workplace.
Exit Routes
Emergency Procedures
Fire Safety
First Aid
Hazardous Materials
Emergency Preparedness and Response: Getting Started

9. Occupational Health and Safety Basic Principles and Concepts
Employee Training Knowledge of proper and safe execution of a given task is required prior to that task being started.
Address all performance issues
Use Safety Manual
Create Records and Documentation
Hold Employee OSH Orientation
Resource for Development and Delivery of Training to Workers

10. Your life may depend on it…
SAFETY FIRST!
Your life may depend on it…