1.  Usefulness of  Radiopharmaceuticals Auto   Injection System (RAIS) in the PET study
Jeom jin Lim
Seoul National University Hospital

2. Contents About PET study System Overview Usefulness Test Test Result1
About PET study 2
System Overview 3
Usefulness Test 4
Test Result 5
Conclusion 6
Comment

3. The increase of PET equipment
About PET
The increase of PET equipment
2008
PET & PET/CT scanner : 130
Cyclotron : 23
1994
PET scanner : 2
Cyclotron : 3

4. The increase of PET Study
About PET
The increase of PET Study
Insurance for PET Study
(2006, June)
No. of PET study
247,933
200,000
150,000
PET / CT
100,000
100,530
50,000
37,805
20,721
4,443 99
2,078
1994
1997
2000
2003
2004
2006
2008

5. The radiation exposure of PET study
About PET
The radiation exposure of PET study
SNUH
: Product : about 700mCi
: No. of PET study : about 40 / day
Dispense
Product
&
Compound
Injection
Radiation Exposure
should be reduced
Examination

6. How to reduce the Radiation exposure?
About PET
How to reduce the Radiation exposure?
Radiopharmaceuticals Auto Injection  System (RAIS)
Examination
Injection
Dispense
RAIS (Auto – Injector)
can reduce the radiation exposure
Product
&
compound

7. The overview of Auto - injector
System Overview
The overview of Auto - injector
Auto - Injector
Appearance
Specifications
Internal Unit
Weight : 400kg
Dimensions (cm)
: H93 X W56 X D34
Max Radioactivity
: 500mCi
Injection Vol. range
: 5~28mL
Crude vial
Dispense vial
Dispense syringe
Dose calibrator
: semi-conductor
Venting filter
[UG – 05]

8. The accessory and flow Auto - Injector System Overview
Crude vial container
Dispense vial container
Semiconductor dose calibrator
Internal camera
Disposal kit
Auto - Injector

9. The operating procedure
System Overview
The operating procedure
Dose
setting
Dose
Measure
Real
Injection
Cleansing
Dispense
Pre
Injection
Post
Injection
Cleansing the remain quantity
Time : about 2min
Injection
Time : about 2~3 min
Pre setting
Time : about 5min
Required Time : 10min / patient

10. The surface exposure rate at Auto-injector
System Overview
The surface exposure rate at Auto-injector
Measure condition
- Radioactivity : 350mCi
- Distance : 10cm
- Survey meter : ICS-323(ALOCA)
Auto - injector
Right side
1.7 uSv / hr
Back side
3.4 uSv / hr
Auto - injector
FDG 350mCi
Left side
1.7 uSv / hr
Front side
2.7 uSv / hr

11. The advantage of Auto-injector
System Overview
The advantage of Auto-injector
Patient
Confidence
Comfort
Injection Room
No need for communication
Short movement line
Efficiency
of Work
Cyclotron
Use twice a day
No need for dispense
Reduce the radiation exposure

12. Usefulness test of Auto - injector
Performance Evaluation
- Dose Accuracy
- Input, Measured and Output Dose
Auto - injector
Cleansing
FDG Injection
Preparation
Radiation Exposure Evaluation
- Radiation Exposure
- Chest part, Hand part

13. Performance evaluation of Auto-injector
Usefulness Test
Performance evaluation of Auto-injector
The kind of dose in Auto - injector
FDG Injection
Dose setting
Cleansing
Measured Dose
- Measured - Dose in semiconductor
dose calibrator
Output Dose
- Real injected dose
- Measured - Dose in dose Calibrator
Input Dose
- Necessary Dose
- Weight X 0.14

14. Performance evaluation of Auto-injector
Usefulness Test
Performance evaluation of Auto-injector
The kind of dose in Auto - injector
Input Dose
Measured Dose
Output Dose
Input Dose
: 3, 6, 9, 12, 15mCi
Measured Dose
: Semiconductor Dose Calibrator
Output Dose
: Dose Calibrator ( CRC-712M _ Capintec )
Case : 10 / unit
% different

15. % different of Measured Dose (Ref. Input Dose)
Test Result
% different of Measured Dose (Ref. Input Dose)
5.8±1.4
% diff. 5
3.7 ± 3.4 4
3.0±2.2
2.8±2.5 3
1.5±3.6 12 2 1
3mCi
6mCi
9mCi
12mCi
15mCi

16. % different of Output Dose (Ref. Input Dose)
Test Result
% different of Output Dose (Ref. Input Dose)
5.1±2.7
% diff. 5
3.3±2.2
3.3±2.3
3.3±2.0 4 3
1.5±2.9 12 2 1
3mCi
6mCi
9mCi
12mCi
15mCi

17. % difference ( Measured Dose : Output Dose )
Test Result
% difference ( Measured Dose : Output Dose )
% diff. 5 4
2.5±3.0 3 2
0.8±1.6
0.5±1.5
0.3±1.7 1
0.0±1.9
3mCi
6mCi
9mCi
12mCi
15mCi

18. Radiopharmaceutical Injection
Usefulness Test
Radiation exposure evaluation of Auto-injector
Radiopharmaceutical Injection
Manual Injection
Use a auto - injector
Case : 30 patients
Chest and hand
Average Dose : 8.5 mCi
65mm portable lead shield
Pocket Dosimeter
: MYDOSE Alarm (ALOKA)

19. Radiation Exposure (uSv/hr/patient)
Test Result
Result data
Radiation Exposure (uSv/hr/patient)
9.2 ± 3.1 10 8
Manual Injection 6 4
0.6 ± 3.1
Use a Auto-injector 2
0.5 ± 3.1
0.5 ± 0.1
Chest Part
Hand Part

20. Test Result Performance Evaluation Radiation Exposure Evaluation
Input Dose VS Measured Dose = 3.16 ± 3.01 [ % diff. ]
Input Dose VS Output Dose = 3.16 ± 3.02 [ % diff. ]
Measured Dose VS Output Dose = 0.63 ± 2.22 [ % diff. ]
Radiation Exposure Evaluation
Manual Injection at Chest = 0.5 ± 0.1 [ uSv/hr ]
Used Auto-injector at Chest = 0.6 ± 3.1 [ uSv/hr ]
Manual injection at hand = 9.2 ± 3.1 [ uSv/hr ]
Used Auto-injector at Hand = 0.5 ± 0.1 [ uSv/hr ]

21. Conclusion
Measured dose and output dose in comparison to input dose
showed slight differences.
There was no significant differences
between measured dose and output dose.
In the chest part,
Radiation exposure dose was slightly increased
due to increased injection time.
In hand part,
Radiation exposure was substantially decreased.
If we use the auto-injector being shielded as much as possible,
radiation exposure will be reduced even though the number
of PET studies is getting increased.

22. Comment The demerits about Auto-injector The merit about Auto-injector
Insufficient
program
Long injection
time
Work
efficiency
Radiation
Protection
Higher
prices
confidence
of Patient
convenience
The merit about Auto-injector

23. Thank You for your attention !!
Seoul National University Hospital