1. How’s assignment 1 coming? Winter 2007
IBC233
How’s assignment 1 coming?
Winter 2007

2. Agenda Test 2, Feb 19 Assignment 1? Due Feb. 23
Telephone number editing
Order Date
Some more CL Programming
%SST, *CAT and basic math
Database Files
Physical files
Logical files

3. %SST - Substring %SST(&FIELDA offset length)
CHGVAR &FIELDA VALUE(‘Cindy Laurin-Moogk’)
CHGVAR &FNAME VALUE(%SST(FIELDA 1 5))
CHGVAR &LNAME VALUE(%SST(FIELDA 7 6))
CHGVAR &NEWNAME VALUE(&FNAME *BCAT
&LNAME)

4. Concatenate *CAT – Puts two character strings together as is
the receiving string variable has to be declared with the combined length else truncation will occur.
*BCAT – Puts two character strings together by deleting the trailing spaces in the first field, inserting a blank space and then adding the second field
*TCAT – Puts two character strings together by deleting the trailing spaces in the first field.

5. Concatenate Examples DCL FLDA *CHAR 10 VALUE(‘CINDY’)
DCL FLDB *CHAR 30 VALUE(‘LAURIN)
DCL FLDC *CHAR 50 VALUE(‘ ‘)
CHGVAR FLDC VALUE(FLDA *CAT FLDB)
CHGVAR FLDC VALUE(FLDA *TCAT FLDB)
CHGVAR FLDC VALUE (FLDA *BCAT FLDB)

6. CHGVAR - Math DCL &TOTAL *DEC LEN(7 2)
DCL &FLDA *DEC LEN(5 0) VALUE(10)
DCL &FLDB *DEC LEN(5 0) VALUE(2)
DCL &FLDC *DEC LEN(5 0) VALUE(60)
CHGVAR &TOTAL (&FLDA * &FLDA / +
(&FLDA - &FLDB) + &FLDC)
What is the value of &total?

7. SUBSTRING program

8. Database Files

9. iSeries Database Files
Physical Files *FILE PF-DTA
Logical Files *FILE LF
Physical files contain actual data.
Logical files show a view of a physical file (I.e. different key field and selection criteria). A logical file does not contain data.
Printer files determine how a spool file will be displayed (I.e. fonts, characters per inch etc.)
Display files determine how screens such as menus, information and data entry screens well look.

10. Physical Files
It is an iSeries file used to store data or source code.
Physical files have members.
The members contain data or source code.
Source physical files have many members eg. One for each program
Data physical files usually have 1 member (but can have more)

11. Data Files Files, Records, Fields
A file member contains one or more records
A record is made up of one or more fields which give it its record format or file description
Each field contains a unique piece of information e.g. student no, first name, last name, address, telephone no, etc.
Looks like a spreadsheet with rows and columns (rows = records, columns = fields)

12. Examples of Files, Records, Fields
A customer file is made up of customer records (1 per customer). Each customer record has fields containing unique pieces of info about a particular customer e.g. customer name, address, sales territory,billing info, shipping instructions, credit information
Student file - student records (1 per student)- student info: name, address...

13. More Examples of Files, Records, Fields
Parts file - parts records - info about part: part number, description, warehouse location, supplier, quantity on hand,
Payroll file - payroll records - payroll info for employees: employee number, name, date of hire, hourly or salary, hourly rate or annual salary, income tax info….

14. How do we create data physical files?

15. Creating Physical Data Files
Creating an iSeries data file is very similar to creating a program:
Write the source code (the source code will describe what the file will look like). The source code is stored in a member in a source file.
Compile the source code (this creates a *file object).

16. Tools for Describing Database Files
Data Description Specifications (DDS)
iSeries language to create source code for Files
Others:
SQL (Structured Query Language) – next week
DDS is the most popular. Can use utilities SDA (screen design aid) to create DDS screen files and RLU (report layout utility) to create DDS report files.

17. Using DDS
Source code is entered into a source physical file member in the form of DDS statements. This is done using the iSeries editor LPEX
The DDS statements describe each field of the record in detail e.g. field name, data type (numeric, character, packed numeric, etc), standard column headings, etc.
The source file for DDS is QDDSSRC.
Can edit all kinds of DDS files including screen and printer DDS files.

18. Layout of a Data Definition Specification member (DDS)
File level keywords
Eg. UNIQUE
Record format name
Shouldn’t be the same name as the PF
List the fields
Name, type, size and functions
TEXT (used by DFU and DSPFFD)
COLHDG (used by Query/400)
Access Path information

19. Example of DDS Columns . . . : 1 71 Browse DMENKEN/QDDSSRC
SEU==> STUPF
FMT PF .....A T.Name++++++RLen++TDpB......Functions
*************** Beginning of data *************************************
UNIQUE
A R STUPFR
A SOCINS S COLHDG('Social' 'Insurance'
A FNAME A COLHDG('First' 'Name')
A LNAME A COLHDG('Last' 'Name')
PHONE P COLHDG('Phone' 'No.')
A ADDR A COLHDG('Street' 'Address')
A ADDR A COLHDG('City')
A POSTAL A COLHDG(‘Postal Code')
DTEHIRE L COLHDG(‘Date’ ‘Hired’)
K SOCINS
****************** End of data ****************************************

20. Creating a Physical File
Create the source file (CRTSRCPF) which is named QDDSSRC (only done once)
Create a source member, type PF
Enter the source code using SEU
Save source code and compile to create the file
Put code into the file.

21. The source type:
tells OS/400 what type of source you are creating e.g. TXT, PF, LF, etc. Used by the editor for prompting and syntax checking
will tell OS/400 which compiler to use when creating the object.

22. Entering DDS code
First statement is the Record Format statement. Put an R in the Name Type field and the record name in the Name field.
Then enter the field info (field name, length, data type, decimal positions, standard column heading) (nothing in Name Type field)

23. Demo

24. Compiling the Source members Code into an usable object
CRTPF Takes the source code and creates the object i.e. the physical file the physical file is what holds the data

25. Unique feature of iSeries Files
The record description is stored with the file object (externally described file)
It can then be used by iSeries utilities
The record description does not have to be coded in programs that use it.
Can be viewed using DSPFD, DSPFFD

26. Entering data
If the compile was successful, you will have a new object in your library, a physical file.
To enter data into that file, use DFU, Data File Utility

27. DFU STRDFU, then option 5 or… PDM option 18
F10 to enter new records (entry mode)
F11 to change records (change mode), page up and down to find records
F23 to delete a record
(F23 again to confirm)

28. Viewing records
RUNQRY QRYFILE(filename)
DSPPFM filename

29. Allows us to sort or select/omit data
Access Paths
Allows us to sort or select/omit data

30. Logical Files

31. Logical Files Resort data in a physical file
Select/Omit specific sets of data
Hide data
Join or Merge physical files together

32. Why a logical file
A customer file is made up of customer records (1 per customer). Each customer record has fields containing unique pieces of info about a particular customer e.g. customer name, address, sales territory,billing info, shipping instructions, credit information
If we want to make sure that the customer id is unique
If we want to display customer records sorted by name
If we want to select customers in a specific territory
If we want to provide a maintenance screen hiding Credit Information

33. Creating a Logical File
Create the source file (CRTSRCPF) which is named QDDSSRC (only done once)
Create a source member, type LF
Enter the source code using SEU
Save source code and compile to create the file
Put data into the file.

34. Create a logical file that sorts STUDENTS by LNAME, FNAME

35. Next Week
Programming with Database files