1. Four Types of Sentences
To Make You
A Better Writer

2. Lesson Objectives What will you learn?
You will learn to identify the four types of sentences: simple, compound, complex, and compound-complex.
You will will learn to develop four types of sentence in order to connect ideas, convey specific meanings, and add variety to your writing.

3. Common Core State Standards
Language Arts
L6.1
Demonstrate command of the conventions of Standard English grammar and usage when writing or speaking.

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7. Why Learn the Four Types of Sentences?
THINK ABOUT IT
Why Learn the Four Types of Sentences?

8. Why Learn the Four Types of Sentences?
To connect ideas
To give good form to your writing
To convey specific meanings
To add variety to your writing

9. FOUR TYPES OF SENTENCES
Simple Sentence
Compound Sentence
Complex Sentence
Compound-Complex Sentence

10. SIMPLE SENTENCE ONE INDEPENDENT CLAUSE (IC)
A CLAUSE is a group of related words containing a subject and a verb.
One complete thought
Jack left.
Jack: Subject
left: Verb

11. IMPORTANT NOTE Simple Sentence
Jack and I went to the store.
Jack went to the store and bought ice cream.
Jack and I went to the store and bought ice cream.
ALL are examples of SIMPLE SENTENCES.
EACH conveys ONE COMPLETE THOUGHT.
DISCUSSION QUESTION: DO YOU KNOW WHY?

12. Jack and Anne went to the store.
BECAUSE…
Jack and Anne went to the store.
Has a COMPOUND SUBJECT (2+ subjects):
Jack and Anne
Both subjects perform the action of the verb: went
It is a still a Simple Sentence: ONE complete thought
Don’t confuse Compound Subject with a Compound Sentence

13. Jack went to the store and bought ice cream.
BECAUSE…
Jack went to the store and bought ice cream.
Has a COMPOUND VERB (2+ predicates): went and bought
The subject (Jack) is performing both actions (verbs: went and bought)
It is a still a Simple Sentence: ONE complete thought
Don’t confuse Compound Verb with a Compound Sentence

14. BECAUSE… Jack and Anne went to the store and bought ice cream.
Has a COMPOUND SUBJECT (Jack and I) AND COMPOUND VERB (went and bought)
Both subjects (Jack and Anne) are performing both actions (verbs: went and bought).
It is a still a Simple Sentence: ONE complete thought

15. Why Use Simple Sentences?
To grab your reader’s attention
I finally made it to the finish line.
Did I just make a huge mistake?
To sum up an argument
Firefighters and police officers have dangerous and difficult jobs.
But don’t overuse it; it can make your writing sound choppy or childish.
Always combine it with other sentence types (compound, complex, and compound-complex.)

16. LET’S RECAP Any Questions? SIMPLE SENTENCE = ONE COMPLETE THOUGHT
CAN HAVE COMPOUND SUBJECT AND/OR COMPOUND VERB
NOT TO BE CONFUSED WITH COMPOUND SENTENCE
Any Questions?

17. Sentence practice-
Are these simple sentences? Why or why not? 1-My dad and I like tacos , and we are making them for dinner. 2- Argentina and Chile are in South America. 3- Jeanette read Stuart Little and reported on it. 4-The acrobats and jugglers did amazing tricks.
(c) 2013 Sandra Halajian

18. Practice finding Simple Sentences
Grammar Workbook page 70
As you finish, find a station clipboard and check your work. Write the number you missed at the top and show it to me.
Then get a copy of the test and scantron and begin.
You will have 30 minutes to take the test over analyzing a speech.

19. Agenda Bellringer- Root Word in notebook
Compound Sentence notes and examples
Grammar workbook pg. 70-  Simple & Compound Sentences
Maniac McGee Ch. 4-6 – Create a character map using characterizations/ text evidence from chart.
Begin Quickwrite & Chapter Questions ( partners)
(c) 2013 Sandra Halajian

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23. Standards and objectives
RL 6.3 Describe how a particular story’s or drama’s plot unfolds in a series of episodes as well as how the characters respond or change as the plot moves toward a resolution.
RL Analyze how a particular sentence, chapter, scene, or stanza fits into the overall structure of a text and contributes to the development of the theme, setting, or plot.
RL6.2.a. Use punctuation (commas, parentheses, dashes) to set off nonrestrictive/parenthetical elements.
RL6.3.aVary sentence patterns for meaning, reader/listener interest, and style.*
Goals- Identify and write a simple sentence and Describe the characters of Maniac Magee and Amanda Beale using direct and indirect characterization traits from the text.
What types of thinking will we be using today? Remember there are four types!!
(c) 2013 Sandra Halajian

24. Compound Sentence TWO or MORE INDEPENDENT CLAUSES
Two or more complete thoughts connected with a conjunction, a semi-colon, and/or an adverbial.
AKA: Two Simple Sentences
IC + IC (+ IC…)

25. Compound Sentence TWO or more INDEPENDENT CLAUSES
Two or more complete thoughts.
Examples:
Jack went home after work, and Anne visited her parents.
Jack went home after work; Anne visited her parents.
Jack went home after work; however, Anne visited her parents.

26. Compound Sentence FIRST TYPE
TWO or MORE INDEPENDENT CLAUSES
Two complete thoughts connected with:
1. A comma and a coordinating conjunction
Jack went home after work, and Anne visited her parents. (IC + comma + CC + IC)
There are SEVEN Coordinating Conjunctions:
FAN BOYS: for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so

27. Compound Sentence FIRST TYPE
There are 7 Coordinating Conjunctions:
FAN
For
And
Nor
BOYS
But Or
Yet So

28. Compound Sentence SECOND TYPE
TWO or MORE INDEPENDENT CLAUSES
Two complete thoughts connected with:
2. A semi colon
Jack went home after work; Anne visited her parents. (IC + IC)
Jack went home after work; Anne visited her parents, and she brought them dinner.
(IC + IC + IC)
(c) 2013 Sandra Halajian

29. Compound Sentence THIRD TYPE
TWO  ore MORE INDEPENDENT CLAUSES
Two or more complete thoughts connected with: 
3.    A semi colon and adverbials (plus a comma)
Jack went home after work; however,  Anne visited her parents. 

30. Compound Sentence CAT HOT SHOT Similarly Hence On the other hand Thus
Adverbials (AKA conjunctive adverbs):
HOT
However
Otherwise
Therefore
CAT
Consequently
Also
Then
SHOT
Similarly
Hence
On the
other hand
Thus
(c) 2013 Sandra Halajian

31. Why Use Compound Sentences?
To create a sense of balance between two or more equally important ideas.
My dad loves to cook, so he enjoys watching the food channel on the weekends.
To create a sense of contrast between two or more equally important ideas.
I want to go the party, but I have to finish my project first.
To add variety to your writing, but don’t OVERUSE it; your writing might sound immature.
Any Questions?

32. Practice identifying Compound sentences
Practice page 70 Grammar workbook- Review Simple and compound sentences.
When you are finished, tear it out and turn it in the tray.
Pick up a book and begin drawing what you think Maniac Magee looks like. Use your text evidence chart to caption his characteristics.
(c) 2013 Sandra Halajian

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36. Complex Sentence
ONE INDEPENDENT CLAUSE and ONE or MORE DEPENDENT CLAUSES
Connected with a Subordinating Conjunction
IC + DC (+ DC…)
Jack went to the store because he needed milk. (IC + DC)

37. Important Note Complex Sentences
A Dependent Clause is NOT a complete thought.
Because he needed milk.
When Jack left work.
A Dependent Clause MUST HAVE an Independent Clause.
Jack went to the store because he needed milk.
When Jack left work, he went to the store.

38. Complex Sentence Dependent Clause must have a
Subordinating Conjunction.
Subordinate Conjunctions: because, when, since, before, until, unless, even though, while, although, if, after, in order that, whereas, so that.
Jack went to the store because he needed milk.
When Jack left the store, he went to the store.
Jack went to the store while Anne visited her parents.

39. Complex Sentence Examples
Jack went to the store because he needed milk. (IC + DC)
When Jack left work, he went to the store.
(DC + IC)
When Jack left work, he went to the store because he needed milk.
(DC + IC + DC)

40. IMPORTANT NOTE Complex Sentences (in most cases)
No Comma if DC is AFTER IC
Jack went to the store because he needed milk. (IC + DC)
Comma if DC is BEFORE IC
Because he needed milk, Jack went to the store. (DC + comma + IC)

41. Another Important Note Complex Sentences
Complex Sentences can also have Adjective Clauses
IC + AC using a Relative Pronoun (who, whom, whomever, whose, which, that)
The boy who is playing soccer is my brother.
The car that my mom wants to buy is on sale.
The hospital where I was born is in New York City.
The oak tree which has pink blossoms is called Lavender Twist.

42. Why Use Complex Sentences?
To show how one idea is more important than another idea
Even though I was invited to the party, I don’t want to go.
To show how an idea caused another idea
Because I didn’t finish my project, I couldn’t go to the movies with my friends.
To add variety to your writing
Any Questions?

43. Agenda
(c) 2013 Sandra Halajian

44. Compound-Complex Sentence
At least TWO INDEPENDENT CLAUSES (Compound) and one or more DEPENDENT CLAUSES (Complex)
IC + IC + DC
IC + IC (+ IC…) + DC (+ DC…)
Clauses can be placed in any order
Even though they both love eating ice cream, Jack likes vanilla, but Anne prefers chocolate (DC + IC + IC)

45. Compound-Complex Sentence Examples
When Jack left work, he went to the store to buy milk, but he left his wallet on his desk.
(DC + IC + IC)
When Jack left work, he went to the store to buy milk; however, he had no money, so he decided to go to the bank first. (DC + IC + IC + IC)
Anne loves ice cream, so he asked Jack to buy some when he went to the store. (IC + IC + DC )
(c) 2013 Sandra Halajian

46. Identify Each Sentence Type:
When my brother visits from college, my parents and I always take him out to dinner.
I love to play tennis, but I can’t play because my wrist hurts.
Nicole and John visited their grandparents on Sunday.
My report card showed great improvement; consequently, my parents took me to the movies.

47. Did you Identify them Correctly?
(Subordinating Conjunction) DC IC
When my brother visits from college, my parents and I always take him out to dinner. COMPLEX
IC (Coordinating Conjunction) IC (Subordinating Conjunction)
I love to play tennis, but I can’t play because my wrist hurts. COMPOUND-COMPLEX DC
(c) 2013 Sandra Halajian

48. Did you Identify them Correctly?IC
Nicole and John visited their grandparents on Sunday. SIMPLE
IC (Semi Colon)
My report card showed great improvement; consequently, my parents took me to the movies.
(Conjunctive Adverb) IC COMPOUND

49. Example from Literature Identify the types of Sentences:
He lifted the knocker, and it creaked up stiffly, as if it had never before been used. He let it fall, and it startled him with its booming loudness. He thought he heard steps within; the door remained closed. Again Rainsford lifted the heavy knocker and let it fall. (“The Most Dangerous Game” by Richard Connell)

50. Example from Literature Did You Identify Them Correctly?
He lifted the knocker, and it creaked up stiffly, as if it had never before been used (Compound-Complex). He let it fall, and it startled him with its booming loudness (Compound). He thought he heard steps within; the door remained closed (Compound). Again Rainsford lifted the heavy knocker and let it fall (Simple). (“The Most Dangerous Game” by Richard Connell)
Discussion Question: How do the various sentence
types affect the meaning of the passage?

51. Example from Literature Identify the types of Sentences:
“Those songs still follow me, to deepen my hatred of slavery, and quicken my sympathies from my brethren in bonds. If any one wishes to be impressed with the soul-killing effects of slavery, let him go to Colonel Lloyd’s plantation, and on allowance day, place himself in the deep pine woods, and there let him, in silence, analyze the sounds that shall pass through the chambers of his soul. And if he is not impressed, it will only be because ‘there is no flesh in his obdurate heart.’” (Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, Chapter 2)

52. Example from Literature Did You Identify Them Correctly?
“Those songs still follow me, to deepen my hatred of slavery, and quicken my sympathies from my brethren in bonds (Simple). If any one wishes to be impressed with the soul-killing effects of slavery, let him go to Colonel Lloyd’s plantation, and on allowance day, place himself in the deep pine woods, and there let him, in silence, analyze the sounds that shall pass through the chambers of his soul. (Compound- Complex). And if he is not impressed, it will only be because ‘there is no flesh in his obdurate heart.’” (Complex) (Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, Chapter 2)
Discussion Question: How do the various sentence
types affect the meaning of the passage?
(c) 2013 Sandra Halajian

53. Example from Literature Identify the types of Sentences:
And in the end, of course, a true war story is never about war. It’s about sunlight. It’s about the special way that dawn spreads out on a river when you know you must cross the river and march into the mountains and do things you are afraid to do. It’s about love and memory. It’s about sorrow. It’s about sisters who never write back and people who never listen. (The Things They Carried by Tim O’Brien.)
(c) 2013 Sandra Halajian

54. Example from Literature Did You Identify Them Correctly?
And in the end, of course, a true war story is never about war (Simple). It’s about sunlight (Simple). It’s about the special way that dawn spreads out on a river when you know you must cross the river and march into the mountains and do things [that] you are afraid to do (Complex). It’s about love and memory (Simple). It’s about sorrow (Simple). It’s about sisters who never write back and people who never listen (Complex) . (The Things They Carried by Tim O’Brien.) Discussion Question: How do the various sentence types affect the meaning of the passage?
(c) 2013 Sandra Halajian

55. Now It’s Your Turn My favorite movie or show
Choose one (or more) of the following topics and develop a paragraph containing at least one of each type of sentence:
My favorite movie or show
My sister/brother (or other family member)
Halloween (or a special holiday)
Least/most favorite school subject
My hobby

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