1. Cell Phone Technologies Impact on College Students
Hello, Caroline Haskell and staff of the Personal Health and Counseling Center. My name is Aundria Abad, a current student at California State University, Monterey Bay. Thank you for taking the time to listen to this presentation as I address a current social problem that can potential damage myself and fellow my peers on campus. In the following presentation I will provide information about Cell Phone technologies impact on college students.
Aundria Abad
Collaborative Health and Human Services Department
California State University, Monterey Bay

2. Introduction
Students who use their cell phone more frequently have a lower GPA, higher anxiety, and diminished happiness relative to the students who use the cell phone less (Barkely, 2013).
More than half of college students feel that they are addicted to instant communication (Jones, 2014).
Excessive smart phone use presents negative effects on students health and well being.
Some examples of this are show on the current slide.
Students who use their cell phone more frequently have a lower GPA, higher anxiety, and diminished happiness relative to the students who use the cell phone less as reported in a article by Barkely.
In addition to this, it was also reported that more than half of college students feel that they are addicted to instant communication and have felt that cell phone technology has became a distraction in class lectures and studying time.

3. Causes
Sleep Disturbances - 23% of men and 34% of women indicated sleep disturbances due to cell phones at least once a week (Thombee, 2011).
Technology use while walking or driving - 44 % agreed with the statement, “When I walk across campus, the majority of people are on their cell phones.” (Jones, 2014)
With the constant change in cell phone technology, almost everything is in the palm of a students hand because of a cell phone. Over past decade cell phone technology has evolved to resemble a small computer. Although this may seem beneficial to a student, it has caused and been caused by certain events for many students.
As present on the slide, college student have reported sleep disturbances at least once a week caused buy there cell phone. It was also reported through a survey conducted on a college campus that almost half of students are seen walking around campus looking down a cell phone. Other activities such as driving while texting or talking on the cell phone have increase the chances of students being harmed from a dangerous situation.

4. Causes Continued
Need for connection, Touch and Loss of Control -. External factors diminish self-control for compulsive cell phone users(Lee, 2013).
Digital Devices on the rise in classrooms – Students spend more time with technology that they ignore their lessons( Bicen and Arnavut, 2015).
Other factors involve the mental processes of college students. External and Internal Factors have been identified as an influence that diminishes self control for compulsive cell phone users. With a loss of control, the amount of time that a student spends with technology has also became greater. Digital devices in classrooms, such as smartphones, tablets and laptops have increased. On the other hand college students are spending more time with technology that they ignore the lesson. Although some instructors have allowed technology to be used, it still presents results that students are not using these tools for education use. This has created an decrease in meaningful learning and an increase in chances of becoming dependent on technology.

5. Effects
Face to Face interaction – Students relay on technology to facilitate communication (Skierkowski &Wood, 2011).
Anxiety and Happiness – Negative emotions and thoughts, and a large decrease with satisfaction in life (Barkely,2013)
Although such research has been very new to our society, it has been known that cell phone use has effected the ways in which people communicate with each other.
It has been survey and researched that students are now relying on technology to communicate rather than interacting face to face with others. In recent reports it has been found that many students will not ask questions during class and prefer to speak to their professor through . In addition to this, text messaging has evolved to be the main source of communication for college students. Students who where also restricted to their cell phone found it hard to find other ways to keep in contact with their peers.
Anxiety and Happiness have decreased in many college students. Attitudes such as negative emotions leading to depression, angry, annoyance and less satisfaction with life have been present in students who use their cell phone more because of Fear of Missing out on events, news, and negative satisfaction with post and popularity pertaining to them and even not be able to connect to the internet.

6. Effects Continued
Academic Performance –Decrease in GPA and meaningful learning (Wentworth & Middleton, 2014).
Technology Changes – Create dependence and Health effects. (Bicen & Arnavut, 2015).
As an important part of an college students educational career, GPA scores are highly important. Research has shown that for those college students who spend more time with cell phone technology, have lower GPA scores. This evolving cycle has become an distraction for meaningful learning and educational advancement. As mentioned other effects include the mental process that involve cell phone dependency, loss of control, and problems in mental health.

7. Proposed solutions
Promotion of moderation of smartphone use, on the radio or ads, and College Public Health Classes.
Students should also have access to campus counseling and interventions for those already at risk.
Educating young parents in medical settings such as doctor’s offices on how to protect themselves from smart phone addiction and learn how to talk to their children about moderation of cell phone use.
Our students can benefit from your current efforts to help decrease the chance of this problem. Promotion, Protection, and Access to such information about proper cell phone use can be prevent negative side effects from happening to them. I propose that the following solution be considered.
Promotion of moderation of smartphone use, on the radio or ads, and College Public Health Classes.
Students should also have access to campus counseling and interventions for those already at risk.
Educating young parents in medical settings such as doctor’s offices on how to protect themselves from smart phone addiction and learn how to talk to their children about moderation of cell phone use.

8. References
Barkley, Jacob E., Lepp, Andre, & Karpinski, Aryn C. (2013) “There's Probably an App For This: How We Identified a Relationship Between Cell Phone Use, Academic Performance, Anxiety and Happiness.” Kent State University, College of Education, Health and Human Services, The Winnower. Retrieved from: identified-a-relationship-between-cell-phone-use-academic-performance-anxiety-and-happiness-1.pdf Barkley, Jacob E., Lepp, Andre, & Karpinski, Aryn C. (2013) “The relationship between cell phone use, academic performance, anxiety, and Satisfaction with Life in college students.” Kent State University, College of Education, Health and Human Services, Computers in Human Behavior, Elesiver. Retireved from: Bicen, Heuseyin, & Arnavut, Ahmet. (2015) “Determining the effects of technological tool use habits on social lives.” Near East University, Ataturk Faculty of Education. Computers in Human Behavior, Elesiver. Retireved from: Dwyer, Kayla. (2014) “Smartphone technology affects social and academic lives of students.” Ithaca, NY. The Ithacan. Retrieved from: students/ Jones, Tessa. (2014) “Students’ Cell phone addiction and Their Opinion.” Elon University, The Elon Journal of Undergraduate Research in Communications ,Vol. 5, No. 1. Retrieved from: web/academics/communications/research/vol5no1/08jonesejspring14.pdf

9. References Continued
Lee, Yu-Kang, Chang, Chun-Tang, Lin,You, & Cheng, Zhao-Hong. (2013) “The dark side of smartphone usage: Psychological traits, compulsive behavior and techonstress.” National Sun Yat-sen University, Computers in Human Behavior, Elesiver. Retrieved from: Mutchler, Leigh A., Shim, J.P, & Ormond, Dustin. (2011) “Exploratory Study on Users’ Behavior: Smartphone Usage.” Americas Conference on Information Systems, ACIS. AIS Electronic Library, Paper 418. Olejinkova, Lucie. (2011) “Cell phone and texting laws.” Pace Law School, Pace Law Library Blog. Retrieved from: Roberts, Kayleigh. (2013). “Sleeptexting Is the New Sleepwalking:“The line is blurring between wakefulness and sleep.” The Atlantic. Retrieved from: new-sleepwalking/280591/ Skierkowski, Dorothy, & Wood, Rebecca M. (2011). “To text or not to text? The importance of text messaging among college-aged youth.” Central Connecticut State University, Department of Psychology. Computers in Human Behavior, Elesiver. Retrieved from: Thomee, Sara, Harenstam, Annika, & Hagberg, Mats. (2011) “Mobile phone use and stress, sleep disturbances, and s ymptoms of depression among young adults-a prospective cohort study.” BioMed Central, Publice Health. Retrieved from: Wentworth, Diane Keyser & Middleton, June H. (2014) “Technology user and academic performance.” Fairliegh Dickinson University, Computers in Human Behavior, Elesiver. Retrieved from: Wollaston, Victoria. (2013) “Giving up technology is as 'stressful as getting married' - and Thursday is the hardest day to go without gadgets.” The Daily.com. Retrived from: /Giving-technology-stressful-getting-married--Thursday-hardest-day-quit.html

10. Collaborative Health and Human Services Department, CSUMB
Thank You!
Contact information:
Aundria Abad
Collaborative Health and Human Services Department, CSUMB
Thank you again for your time, and feel free to contact me with any questions.