1. L/O: To draw and design the life cycle of a plant
Video:
Germination – the growth of the seed in the soil

3. L/O: Seeds and germination
Table of seed components
Structure
Function
Seed coat
a tough protective outer covering
Embryo
consisting of the young root and shoot which will develop into the adult plant
Food store
a store of food (starch) for the young plant to use until it is large enough to make its own food

4. L/O: Seeds and germination
Germination is the start of growth in the seed. Three factors are required for successful germination:
Water - allows the seed to swell up and the embryo to start growing
Oxygen - so that energy can be released for germination
Warmth - germination improves as temperature rises (up to a maximum)

5. L/O: Flower Structure, Pollination and Fertilization
Flowers are the organs of sexual reproduction in plants. They have the following important structures:
Table of flower parts
Structure
Function
Sepals
protect the unopened flower bud
Petals
may be brightly coloured to attract insects
Stamens
the male parts of the flower consisting of the anther held up on the filament
Anthers
produce male sex cells (pollen grains).
Stigma
the top of the female part of the flower which collects pollen grains
Ovary
produces the female sex cells (ovules)
Nectaries
produce sugary nectar which attracts insects

6. L/O: Flower Structure.

7. L/O: Flower Pollination and Fertilization
When pollen grains land on the stigma of a flower of the correct species they germinate. A pollen tube grows through the tissues of the flower until it reaches an ovule inside the ovary. The nucleus of the pollen grain (the male gamete) then passes along the pollen tube and joins with the nucleus of the ovule (the female gamete). This process is called fertilization.
After fertilization the female parts of the flower develop into a fruit. The ovules become seeds and the ovary wall becomes the rest of the fruit.

8. L/O: Seed dispersal
Seeds are dispersed away from each other and from the parent plant so that there is less competition. The commonest methods of seed dispersal are:
wind e.g. dandelion, sycamore fruits are light and have extensions which act as parachutes or wings to catch the wind
animal internal e.g. tomato, plum, raspberry, grape have brightly coloured and succulent fruits which contain seeds with indigestible coats which allow the seeds to pass through the animal undamaged
animal external e.g. goose grass, burdock, the fruits have hooks which attach them to the fur of passing animals.
explosive/ self propelled e.g. pea pod. The pod burst open when ripe projecting the seeds away from the plant.