Presentation is loading. Please wait.

Presentation is loading. Please wait.

Developmental Psychology

Similar presentations


Presentation on theme: "Developmental Psychology"— Presentation transcript:

1 Developmental Psychology
Day 1: Physical Development & Parenting

2 Developmental Psych: Physical Development & Parenting
The Developmental Psych Approach Continuous vs. Discontinuous Stability vs. Change Stage Theory (same order for everybody / not necessarily the same age)

3 PRENATAL DEVELOPMENT Zygote Embryo Fetus conception – 2 weeks
period of rapid cell division Embryo 2 weeks – 3 months cells attach to mother’s uterine wall & organs develop Fetus 3 months - birth developing human organism

4 Prenatal Development - TERATOGENS
TERATOGENS: Agents that can reach the developing embryo or fetus and cause harm Alcohol Nicotine Drugs (both prescription drugs & “street” drugs) Viruses (the flu) Toxoplasmosis (contact with cat feces) Food poisoning Teratogens and Prenatal Development

5 INFANT REFLEXES Rooting Grasping Startle (Moro Reflex)
Play three movies

6 Babies like to look at complex shapes & faces
INFANT VISION A baby’s vision improves dramatically during the first 6 months as children become able to accommodate (focus) NEWBORN Babies’ vision is 40x less accurate than adults at seeing fine details 1 MONTH Most of the cells in the visual cortex are not yet coated in myelin. Poor contrast sensitivity & color recognition. 2 MONTHS A newborns rods are fairly mature but their cones are not, making it difficult to decipher fine lines and color. 3 MONTHS Dramatic change occurs as the visual cotex begins to control vision better. Vision has caught up to other senses. Depth perception is still not accurate. 6 MONTHS A baby can focus at different distances as well as an adult can. Their ability to see fine details is only 8xworse than ours, 5x better than it was at birth. ADULT Between age 6-7 years, a child’s vision reaches adult values Babies like to look at complex shapes & faces

7 IMPRINTING: Owen the baby hippo & Mzee, the 130-year-old tortise
the process by which animals form attachments during a limited critical period early in life Owen the baby hippo & Mzee, the 130-year-old tortise

8 IMPRINTING Tink the dachsand & her piglet “puppy”, Pink.

9 IMPRINTING: Koko’s Kitten

10 IMPRINTING: Duck with a Dog

11 Newborn Capacities Habituation: describes infants’ decreasing responsiveness to repeated stimuli. Researchers infer that newborns have cognitive ability to differentiate between different visual stimuli.

12 EARLY MEMORY FORMATION
  Why don’t we remember earlier events? Our brains are still developing Limited language before age 3 – we remember in words   What’s your earliest memory? Our earliest memories rarely predate our 3rd birthday. This is called “Infantile Amnesia”. EARLY MEMORY FORMATION

13 Biological growth processes that enable orderly changes in behavior that are relatively unaffected by experience MATURATION: In terms of brain development, natural maturation causes neural interconnection to multiply rapidly after birth. However, severe deprivation and abuse will retard development. Furthermore, increased stimulation will cause early neural connections. Maturation sets the basic course of development; experience adjusts it.

14 Normal Maturation

15 Research on parenting styles
key name Diana BAUMRIND 1927 - Research on parenting styles

16 PARENTING STYLES AUTHORITARIAN PERMISSIVE AUTHORITATIVE
“Because I said so.” AUTHORITARIAN rhymes with “Totalitarian” Authoritarian parents impose rules and expect obedience. PERMISSIVE “Whatever.” Permissive parents submit to their child’s desires, make few demands and use little punishment. “Let’s talk about it.” AUTHORITATIVE Authoritative parents encourage open discussion and allow for exceptions when enforcing rules.

17 PARENTING STYLES - consequences
AUTHORITARIAN rhymes with “Totalitarian” anxious, withdrawn, and unhappy disposition poor reactions to frustration (girls are particularly likely to give up & boys become especially hostile) do well in school (studies may show authoritative parenting is comparable) not likely to engage in antisocial activities

18 PARENTING STYLES - consequences
PERMISSIVE -poor emotion regulation (under regulated) -rebellious and defiant when desires are challenged. -low persistence to challenging tasks -antisocial behaviors

19 PARENTING STYLES - consequences
AUTHORITATIVE -lively and happy disposition -self-confident about ability to master tasks. -well developed emotion regulation -developed social skills

20 Dum Dums and Gloquex Activity


Download ppt "Developmental Psychology"

Similar presentations


Ads by Google