1. CRT Review Early Documents

2. Declaration of Independence
July 4, 1776

3. Thomas Jefferson (main writer)

4. Roger Sherman

5. Benjamin Franklin

6. Robert Livingston

7. John Adams

8. Declaration of Independence
Theories:
Natural Rights
Life, liberty, and property
Basic human rights that cannot be taken away
Pursuit of happiness
John Locke

9. People create government to protect rights.
Declaration of Independence
Theories:
Social
Contract
People create government to protect rights.
John Locke
“That whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new Government”

10. Articles of Confederation
Strengths:
First National Government
Helped us through the American Revolution
Weaknesses:
Northwest ordinance
#1: no common $
Created Northwest Territory out of land that had been divided and sold. Created a way for new states to join the Union.
#2: no army
#3: No way to pay off debt- cannot tax

11. Articles of Confederation
WEAKNESSES: #4: Shays’ Rebellion
Farmers in Massachusetts could not pay taxes and closed down courts so their property could not be taken.

12. Goal = fix the Articles of Confederation
Purpose
Constitutional Convention
May 1787
Goal = fix the Articles of Confederation
But instead…
Made a new government!

13. Virginia Plan Bicameral (2 house) legislature or Congress
Proposed by Edmund Randolph
Bicameral (2 house) legislature or Congress
Representation based on a state’s population

14. New Jersey Plan Unicameral (1 house) legislature or Congress
Proposed by William Patterson
Unicameral (1 house) legislature or Congress
Equal Representation

15. Great Compromise Bicameral (2 house) legislature or Congress
Proposed by Roger Sherman
Bicameral (2 house) legislature or Congress
Representation based on a state’s population
Equal Representation

16. How do slaves count towards a state’s population?
3/5th’s Compromise
3/5th will count!
How do slaves count towards a state’s population?

17. Important people George Washington: James Madison:
President of Convention
James Madison:
“Father of the Constitution”- helped create the Constitution

18. George Mason: Gouverneur Morris:
Pushed for a bill of rights to be added.
Gouverneur Morris:
Drafter or ”Penman” of the Constitution

19. Constitution

20. Supporters of the Constitution U.S. needed a strong government
Federalists
Supporters of the Constitution
Good balance of power
U.S. needed a strong government
Careful compromises
85 Essays!
Wrote The Federalist Papers

21. Antifederalists Opponents of the Constitution
President would be king!!
Too much power to national government
No bill of rights

22. Power is shared between the National and State Governments
6 Principles:
Federalism
Power is shared between the National and State Governments

23. Delegated
Reserved
Concurrent

24. 6 Principles:
Popular Sovereignty
have the
People
Power!

25. Consent of the Governed
6 Principles:
Consent of the Governed
“Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just Powers from the Consent of the Governed..."
Permission from the Citizens to have a government.

26. 3 Branches 6 Principles: Separation of Power Legislative Executive
Judicial

27. Supreme Court Constitutional? Unconstitutional? 6 Principles:
Judicial Review
Supreme Court
Constitutional?
Unconstitutional?

28. 6 Principles:
Checks and Balances
keeps 3 branches equal

30. First Amendment
Grievances / Petition
Religion
Assembly
Speech
Press

31. Fifth Amendment
Plea the Fifth – no self-incrimination (don’t have to tell on yourself)
Due Process - fair application of the law
Double Jeopardy – can’t be charged with the same crime twice
Eminent Domain – government can take your land ONLY if for the public good and they give you compensation (money)
Grand Jury – trial to see if there is enough evidence

32. Trial by Jury- Panel of citizens listen to the case.
Sixth Amendment
Jury
Attorney
Who and What your being charged with
Speedy and public trial
Trial by Jury- Panel of citizens listen to the case.