1. Starting Assignment
1. Why do you think many people in India already know how to speak English OR really want to learn English if they don’t know it already?
3. What is an assumption you could make about India in the year 2000 OR India in the year based on this population pyramid?
2. India’s Bengal Tiger is being threatened by poachers and loss of habitat. Which theme of geography does this represent, and HOW?

2. INDIA

4. INDUS VALLEY Actually located in PAKISTAN
Where civilization in South Asia began
Actually located in PAKISTAN

5. India --- 4,000 years ago

6. THE “RAJ”
Period of British control over India

7. How did the British rule India?
It wasn’t a sudden process
Began in 1750s
Took full control in 1857
The East India Company created trading relationship
wanted to have more direct
control over India
shift from trade domination
to political domination
Don’t write, just listen to the parts in red!
How did the British come to rule India. First off, it wasn’t a sudden process; it took a hundred years from the beginning of British entry into India in the mid 18th century (around 1750) until they finally had complete control is often marked as the date of full British control over India.
In 1526, Babur, the first of the Mughal Emperors invaded North India. At this time, India had already been under the control of Muslim rulers from Turkey for over 300 years. Babur began a dynasty that by the eighteenth century covered the areas of present day Pakistan, India, Bangladesh, and Afghanistan. This is a very large area and the wealth it amassed attracted traders from Europe in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. Including England. The East India Company was given a charter by Queen Elizabeth in 1600 for exclusive trade rights with India. And it was this trading company which eventually began the Indian take-over.
In the first half of the eighteenth century, the Mughal dynasty began began to decline, leaving the region with no strong central authority. Instead there were a number of smaller kingdoms. Both the French and the British struggled for control over India, both wanted to fill the power vacuum left by the declining Mughal empire. At first the relation was just one of Trade. The East India Company had rights over trade with India. So they would bring goods from India into Europe, and then England would pay silver to India. This was one of the reasons people were not happy with this trade relationship; because silver was leaving England and going to India. So the East India Company wanted to have more direct control over India, and there was a shift from trade domination to actual political domination.

8. How did the British rule India?
Took over taxation of people
Promised “protection”
East India Company began to extend its control over more and more of India
British government took direct control over India in 1857
Big difference between the lives of the British in India and the lives of the native Indians
Don’t write, just listen to the parts in red!

9. Areas under British control 1919-1947

10. Drastic Changes…Some Good
English official language
Better healthcare
Postal system
New industries to make India developed
Railroads, canals for irrigation, roads
Better education
Private ownership of land

11. Drastic Changes…Some Bad
Profits drained from India to Britain
Improvements paid for by Indian taxes
Famines caused by British production of commercial crops instead of food
Indians treated as inferiors socially, morally and culturally
British segregated society, “Europeans Only” signs

12. This small man was able to bring the British Empire to its knees
This small man was able to bring the British Empire to its knees. His actions are what made the British realize they had to leave India. This man was able to convince millions of Indians to follow him.
His method was non-violent resistance, and I want to talk about this in some detail, because it is important for the history of our own country. Martin Luther King Jr. drew on many of Gandhi’s ideas for the civil rights struggle in the United States.
Mahatma Gandhi ( )

13. Gandhi Fought against British control of India
Believed in nonviolent resistance

14. The 1930 Salt March British had a monopoly on the making/selling salt.
Indians were arrested if they tried to make salt.
Gandhi rebelled and marched to the ocean to collect salt
His next major satyagraha, non-violent protest, wasn’t until 1930, eight years later. This was the famous salt march. The British had a monopoly on the use and sale of salt. The only place you were allowed to buy salt in India was in government shops, and it was heavily taxed. Gandhi led a large group to the beach and they made their salt directly from the sea water. Millions followed his example; and the jailing started again.
Salt March Monument

15. Gandhi picks up a grain of salt in defiance of British law.
In the movie, Gandhi leaves his ashram with 75 followers. He explains “They are not in control. We are.” He is arrested his followers march on the salt works to collect salt.
Gandhi picks up a grain of salt in defiance of British law.

16. BRITAIN GIVES UP
India is freed!!

17. Independence
Freedom came August 15, 1947
Gandhi was saluted as the 'father of the nation'

18. INDIA SPLITS INTO TWO COUNTRIES IN 1947:
Muslims go to Pakistan
Hindus go to India

19. Mahatma Gandhi – The Father of India (1869-1948)
Gandhi worked to stop the fighting between Muslims and Hindus on the border between India and Pakistan.
He was assassinated on January 30, 1948 by a man who thought Gandhi was too sympathetic to India's Muslims.

20. BEFORE & AFTER
British India
South Asia Today

21. RELIGION
PAKISTAN = 97% Muslim

22. BANGLADESH
Used to be East Pakistan
Later gained Independence
Muslim

23. INDIA TODAY… WORLD’S LARGEST DEMOCRACY
India vs. Pakistan – fighting and hatred

24. India Today… Outsourcing of jobs from America to India Pros:
Cheaper wages, highly intellectual individuals
Cons:
Language Barriers
Damaging psychological effects on Indians (call-center employees who are expected to act like the Western employees they have replaced in terms of accents, slang and even names)
Don’t write, just listen to the parts in red!

25. BANGALORE, INDIA – Outsourcing capital of India