1. Metallic Bonds and Properties of Metals

2. Metals do not actually donate their valence electrons
form lattices in the solid state where each metal atom is surrounded by neighboring atoms

3. Valence Electrons outer energy levels overlap in metals
valence electrons are not held by any particular metal atom
move easily from atom to atom
delocalized electrons
This is called the electron sea model

5. Vocabulary Word
Electron Sea Model: metal atoms contribute their valence electrons to form a “sea” of electrons.

6. Vocabulary Word
metallic bond: attraction of a metallic cation for delocalized electrons

7. Properties of metals - Melting Point
metals have high melting points
mercury is a liquid at room temperature
used in barometers and thermometers
tungsten has a melting point of degrees
used in light bulbs and spacecraft parts

8. Properties of metals - Boiling Point
in general metals have high boiling points
it takes a great deal of energy to separate the cations and electrons

9. Properties of metals - Malleable
metals can be hammered into sheets
mobile parts of metallic bonds allow cations and delocalized electrons to slide past each other so metals are malleable and ductile
delocalized electrons can shift allowing metallic bonds to remain intact

11. Properties of Metals - Durable
metals are durable because the metallic cations are mobile within the metal, but strongly attracted to the electrons
not easily removed
strength and durability increase as the number of delocalized valence electrons increases

12. Properties of Metals - Conductors
metals are good at conducting heat and electricity
charged electrons are able to move heat and charge from one place to another quickly

13. Properties of Metals - Luster
delocalized electrons can interact with light so they reflect light
absorb and release photons (particles of light) and appear shiny

14. alloy: mixture of elements that has metallic properties
Vocabulary
alloy: mixture of elements that has metallic properties

15. Alloys brass = mostly copper with 10-30% zinc
bronze = mostly copper with some zinc and tin
10 carat gold = 40% gold, 20% silver, 40% copper
stainless steel = 75% iron, 15% chromium, 10% nickle

16. Hypothesis vs theory
A hypothesis is an attempt to explain phenomena.  It is a proposal, a guess used to understand and/or predict something.  A theory is the result of testing a hypothesis and developing an explanation that is assumed to be true about something.  A theory replaces the hypothesis after testing confirms the hypothesis, or the hypothesis is modified and tested again, until predictable results occur.
So, a person might make an observation and immediately form a hypothesis about why something happens the way it does.  He or she then tests the hypothesis, modifies it if necessary, and eventually develops a theory. The hypothesis might change significantly as testing occurs. A hypothesis can be right or wrong, but a theory is supposed to be true based upon the scientific method.  So, when a hypothesis has been verified to be true, it becomes a theory.
A theory has not been proven to the point is has become a law

17. The Quarter!!
 The total composition of the coin is 8.33% nickel, with the remainder copper. It weighs 5.670 grams . 
How many grams of nickel does a quarter contain? How many atoms?
How many grams of copper does a quarter contain? How many atoms?
Fact: It currently costs cents to produce each quarter as of 2011.

18. Composition of Limestone
Limestone is by definition a rock that contains at least 50% calcium carbonate by weight
Assume you have a 45.6g limestone sample that is 62.4% calcium carbonate.
What is the mass of the calcium carbonate?
How many calcium carbonate particles do you have?
How many oxygen atoms do you have?