1. by The Nutrition Society.
Figure 2.1 Underwater weighing. The subject is submerged completely and breathes via a respirometer (1) for simultaneous residual lung volume measurement. Weight (W) (2) under water (uw) is recorded and density (D) is calculated as D  = W /(W    W ). Corrections are made for water temperature and lung volume: percentage of fat in the body = 495/D    450. -
body
air
air uw
body -
The Nutrition Society Textbook Series, Introduction to Human Nutrition, Second Edition © 2009, 2002
by The Nutrition Society.

2. by The Nutrition Society.
Figure 2.2 Difference in total body potassium (TBK) content of the fat-free mass (FFM) between men and women and the relationship with age.
The Nutrition Society Textbook Series, Introduction to Human Nutrition, Second Edition © 2009, 2002
by The Nutrition Society.

3. by The Nutrition Society.
Figure 2.3 Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometer (DXA) scan using a HOLOGIC whole-body DXA (QDR-4500). Subcutaneous body fat, bone, and muscle are distinguished by different colors.
The Nutrition Society Textbook Series, Introduction to Human Nutrition, Second Edition © 2009, 2002
by The Nutrition Society.

4. by The Nutrition Society.
Figure 2.4 Magnetic resonance imaging scan at the L4 level in an obese subject. The white areas in the image are adipose tissue. Subcutaneous adipose tissue and intra-abdominal adipose tissue are separated by the abdominal muscles.
The Nutrition Society Textbook Series, Introduction to Human Nutrition, Second Edition © 2009, 2002
by The Nutrition Society.

5. by The Nutrition Society.
Figure 2.5 Measurement of the biceps skinfold.
The Nutrition Society Textbook Series, Introduction to Human Nutrition, Second Edition © 2009, 2002
by The Nutrition Society.

6. by The Nutrition Society.
Figure 2.6 The difference in the relationship between BMI and body fat percentage across populations is best demonstrated in this figure and the given biodata. Note that the two young women are the same age and their percentage body fat as determined by a chemical four-compartment model (bias free!) is the same. The Asian woman has relatively shorter legs and a more slender body build (determined as height/(sum of knee and wrist diameter). Relative leg length and “slenderness” are main determining factors in the BMI/percentage body fat relationship in addition to physical activity level.
The Nutrition Society Textbook Series, Introduction to Human Nutrition, Second Edition © 2009, 2002
by The Nutrition Society.

7. by The Nutrition Society.
Figure 2.7 Individual differences in measured body fat percentage compared with a chemical four-compartment model in 20 young and 20 elderly females using various techniques. y-axis, BF% from four-compartment model minus: , densitometry (Siri); , deuterium dilution; , DXA; +, three-compartment model (Siri); , skinfold thickness; , bioelectrical impedance.
The Nutrition Society Textbook Series, Introduction to Human Nutrition, Second Edition © 2009, 2002
by The Nutrition Society.

8. by The Nutrition Society.
The Nutrition Society Textbook Series, Introduction to Human Nutrition, Second Edition © 2009, 2002
by The Nutrition Society.

9. by The Nutrition Society.
The Nutrition Society Textbook Series, Introduction to Human Nutrition, Second Edition © 2009, 2002
by The Nutrition Society.