1. Chapter 8: The Jazz Age Lesson 4: Cultural Innovation Lesson 5: African American Culture and Politics

2. Art and Literature
American Artists and writers challenged traditional ideas as they searched for meaning in the modern world
Bohemian Lifestyle- artistic and unconventional
Manhattan’s Greenwich Village
Chicago’s South Side
Individual, Modern experience
Painters
John Marin- drew urban dynamics of NYC
Charles Sheeler- added cubism to rural American landscapes
Georgia O’Keeffe-landscapes and flowers

3. John Marin Charles Sheeler Georgia O'Keeffe

4. Poets and Writers Diverse writers
Individual ideas broken from tradition
Expressed moments in time
Realism, modern life, loss of spirituality
Consumerism
Writers
Carl Sandburg
Willa Cather
Sinclair Lewis
Edith Wharton
Edna St. Vincent Millay
Poets
Amy Lowell
Ezra Pound
William Carlos Williams
T.S. Elliot

5. T.S. Elliot
Carl Sandburg

6. Artists who Criticized the modern American way of life
Poets and Artists disillusioned by WWI moved to Paris, the center of artistic life
Gertrude Stein dubbed the artists in America “The Lost Generation”
Ernest Hemmingway
A Farewell to Arms
The War and it’s aftermath
F. Scott Fitzgerald
Great Gatsby
A look a the superficial lifestyle of Americans

7. F. Scott Fitzgerald
Hemmingway

8. Popular Culture Sports, Music, Theater, Movies, Radio
Silent films and “talkies” (The Jazz Singer, the first talking picture)
Creation of the celebrity
Air conditioned theaters
Radio made baseball more popular than ever
National Community
Shared Experiences

9. Lesson 5: African American Culture and Politics
During WWI and the 1920s hundreds of thousands of African Americans joined the Great Migration from the rural South to the industrial Northern cities to work.

10. The Harlem Renaissance
Writers
Claud McKay, Langston Hughes, Zora Neal Hurston
Jazz
Luis Armstrong, Duke Ellington
Blues
Bessie Smith
The Apollo Theater in Harlem
Shuffle Along, first African American Musical
Emperor Jones, Show Boat

11. Claud McKay Langston Hughes
1922 poetry collection Harlem Shadows
Expressed a proud defiance and bitter contempt of racism
Leading voice of African Americans
Zora Neal Hurston
Wrote about African American woman

12. Claude McKay, 1889 - 1948 If We Must Die
If we must die—let it not be like hogs Hunted and penned in an inglorious spot, While round us bark the mad and hungry dogs, Making their mock at our accursed lot. If we must die—oh, let us nobly die, So that our precious blood may not be shed In vain; then even the monsters we defy Shall be constrained to honor us though dead! Oh, Kinsmen! We must meet the common foe; Though far outnumbered, let us show us brave, And for their thousand blows deal one deathblow! What though before us lies the open grave? Like men we’ll face the murderous, cowardly pack, Pressed to the wall, dying, but fighting back

13. Langston Hughes Mother to Son
Well, son, I’ll tell you:
And sometimes goin’ in the dark
Life for me ain’t been no crystal stair.
Where there ain’t been no light.
It’s had tacks in it,
So boy, don’t you turn back.
And splinters,
Don’t you set down on the steps
And boards torn up,
’Cause you finds it’s kinder hard.
And places with no carpet on the floor—
Don’t you fall now—
Bare.
For I’se still goin’, honey,
But all the time
I’se still climbin’,
I’se been a-climbin’ on,
And life for me ain’t been no crystal stair.
And reachin’ landin’s,
And turnin’ corners,

14. Luis Armstrong Edward “Duke” Ellington Bessie Smith
Jazz and Blues
Luis Armstrong Edward “Duke” Ellington Bessie Smith

15. The NAACP National Association for the Advancement of Colored People
Economic and political improvement
Battled against discrimination
Lobbying public officials
Protested lynching and passed anti-lynching laws in the House of Representatives in Denied at the Senate- reduced the number of lynchings that took place
Joined Labor Unions to overturn alleged racist politicians into office

16. Black Nationalism Black pride and heritage
Some called for African Americans to separate from White Americans
Jamaican, Marcus Garvey enthused millions of African Americans with his “Negro Nationalism”
UNIA
Black pride and unity
Individuals can gain political power by educating themselves
Separation and unity from whites…proposed leading them to Africa
President Coolidge used Garvey’s immigrant status as a way to have him deported to Jamaica.