1. College of Engineering
SJSU
Excel Basics KY ja

2. Engineering Analysis
Engineering analysis is a systematic process for analyzing problems that arise in the various fields of engineering.
As part of the problem solving process, the data collected has to be processed, analyzed and sometimes displayed graphically by using many mathematical tools that are available.
In many cases, once you have defined and set up the problem properly, numerical methods are required to solve the mathematical equations.
Microsoft’s Excel spreadsheet software has many numerical procedures built directly into its program structure.

3. Spreadsheets’ Capabilities
College of Engineering
SJSU
Spreadsheets’ Capabilities
Data Analysis Tools
Store, process, and sort data
Graphically display data (Engineering application)
Perform statistical analysis
Fit equation to data points (Engineering application)
Solve single and system of algebraic equations (Engr. Appl.)
Solve optimization problems (Engineering application)
Draw Flow Charts ja

4. Material Strength Standard Tensile Test σ (stress) = Load / Area
Ductile Steel (low carbon)
Sy – yield strength
Su – fracture strength
Standard Tensile Test
Standard Specimen
σ (stress) = Load / Area
ε (strain) = (change in length) / (original length)
Ken Youssefi
PDM I, SJSU

5. menu bar
File management options
formula bar
currently active
cell (A1)
worksheet tabs

6. Entering Data into Cells (Cell Content)
College of Engineering
SJSU
Entering Data into Cells (Cell Content)
Data entered into worksheet cells: either numeric values or text (character strings).
Numeric data is right justified and text data is left justified in the cells.
A number can be entered as text by the use of the apostrophe (‘)
Numeric data can be entered as positive or negative integers or scientific notation.
Numeric data can be handled as simple numbers, percentages, dates, time or currency.
Numeric values that require too many characters to fit in the cell are shown as ######
By default, text data that is too long for the cell will extend into a neighboring empty cell. If the adjacent cell is not empty, the visible portion of the text is truncated.
Numeric characters can be handled as text by an apostrophe prefix.
Formatting Data in Cells: Format, Cells, Number. (also Font, etc.) ja

7. College of Engineering
SJSU
Copying Cells
Using icons in the ribbon menu
a) Click on the Cells to be copied
b) Select “Copy” on the Home toolbar
c) Click on the Cells to paste the copied contents
d) Select “Paste” or “Special Paste” on the Home toolbar
2. Using keyboard - Ctrl C to copy & Ctrl V to paste
“Pull Down corner” at Lower Right Corner
(recommended for a range of cells)
a) place the cursor on the LRC of the active cell
b) Click and drag over the cell rage
“Fill Down” : select the cell containing the active formula and
the range of cells you need to fill
select “Fill” on the Home menu and choose “Down” ja

8. College of Engineering
SJSU
Relative Addressing
1. =B3+C3 adds the content of cells B3 and C3.
As the formula is copied into D4, D5 and D6,
cell addresses of the formula are incremented. ja

9. College of Engineering
SJSU
Absolute Addressing
Using the absolute cell address, $B$1, will keep the cell reference constant for all calculations. ja

10. College of Engineering
SJSU
Basic Math Operations
Operation
Algebraic
Excel Format
add
a+b
subtract
a-b
multiply
ab, axb, a.b
a*b
divide
a/b
exponential an
a^n
number format
5.07x10 +12
5.07E12
5.07*10^12
3.15x10 -3
3.15E-3
3.15*10^(-3) ja

11. College of Engineering
SJSU
Excel Formulas
In Excel, a formula expresses dependency of one cell on others in the worksheet.
Formula entry for a Cell begins with clicking on the Cell first and then either typing the equal sign “=“ in the Cell itself or clicking on the Formula Bar, and ends with “Enter”.
A Formula can be edited by first clicking on the Cell and then editing the formula on the active Cell or on the Formula Bar.
A Formula may contain functions.
The value of x is in cell A15
Example
Math syntax: 3x2 + e(-0.3x) - 10x
=3*(A15^2) + EXP(-0.3*A15) - 10*A15
Excel syntax: ja

12. Using Excel Built-in Functions
College of Engineering
Using Excel Built-in Functions
SJSU
Excel provides a variety of built in functions.
Function names may be typed directly or can be selected from “Insert Function” window.
The insert Function shows the ten most recently used functions.
If the function you are looking for is not in this list then select the category of your function
From the category, select the function and click OK.
In the “Function Argument” state the cell address of the value you apply to the function.
After clicking on the Cell
Click on the “Formula Bar” (fx), follow instructions on the “Insert Function” window. Or, in the “Formulas” menu select “Insert Function“
Follow instructions on the “Function Argument” window, e.g., select the value, or range of values for the function. ja

13. Frequently Used Excel Functions
College of Engineering
SJSU
Frequently Used Excel Functions
Math
Excel Syntax
Purpose: Returns the: (Assume value of x is in cell A15.) π
PI()
value of π ( …) ex
EXP(A15)
Value of ex where e is the base of
Natural Log
√ x
SQRT(A15)
Value of the square root of x
log10 (x)
LOG10(A15)
Logarithm of x, with base 10
ln(x)
LN(A15)
Natural logarithm of x, with base e
SUM(x1,x2,x3)
SUM( A15:A17)
x1+x2+x3
cos(x)
COS(A15)
Cosine of x
sin(x)
SIN(A15)
Sine of x
tan(x)
TAN(A15)
Tangent of x
Average(x1,x2,x3)
AVERAGE(A15:A17)
(x1+x2+x3)/3 ja

14. Example: “My Expense Table”
College of Engineering
SJSU
Example: “My Expense Table”
The equal sign appears in cell B11 - selected and in the Formula bar ja

15. “My Expense Table”- Aug. Expense
College of Engineering
SJSU
“My Expense Table”- Aug. Expense
=SUM(B5:B10)
Colon (:) defines the range: from cell B5 to and including cell B10 ja

16. “My Expense Table”- Aug. Expense (cont.)
College of Engineering
SJSU
“My Expense Table”- Aug. Expense (cont.)
B11 is the selected “answer” cell.
Look at the Formula Bar ja

17. “Eliminating Repetition”
College of Engineering
SJSU
“Eliminating Repetition”
Repeat procedure for the “Total” of each category
Place cursor in the lower right corner of cell B11, “click-and-drug” along row 11 for the rest of the total of the rest of the months
Notice: 1. The difference ib height and width of columns and rows
2. Excel uses cell address : add the content of cell B5 to the content of cell B6 etc.
3. If #### apear in a cell, it means that the cell width in not wide enough for the number. ja

18. “My Expense Table” - Completed
College of Engineering
SJSU
“My Expense Table” - Completed ja

19. Insert menu
2013 version
Plotting Data
2007 version

20. 2013 version
Data menu
2007 version

21. 2013 version
View menu
2007 version

22. College of Engineering
SJSU
MAX and MIN Functions
=MAX or MIN(X1, X2, X3…) will take the maximum or minimum of the numbers in the parentheses (not used for a large field of data).
=MAX or MIN(X1:X4) will take the maximum or minimum of all the numbers from X1 to X4.
COUNT Function
=COUNT(A1:B20) will count the number of cells that contain numbers and the arguments in the list that are numbers.
=COUNT(A1, A2, A3) will return 2, because of the 4 and 9.
=COUNT(A1:A4) will return 3, because of the 4, 9 and 3.
=COUNT(A1:A4, -17, “world”) will return 4, because of the 4, 9, 3 and -17.
Example ja

23. College of Engineering
SJSU
COUNTIF Function
=COUNTIF(range, criteria) will count the number of cells in the range that match the criteria.
Note: if the criteria consists of a relational expression, such as “>5”, it must be enclosed in double quotes.
=COUNTIF(A1:A4, “>5”) will return 2, because 6 and 9 are greater than 5.
=COUNTIF(A1:B4, “=6”) will return 3, because three cells in the range contain 6.
Example ja

24. College of Engineering
SJSU
IF Logical Function
=IF(logical_test, value_if_true, value_if_false) returns the second argument if the test is true, and the third if it is false.
Example
=IF(A1>3, “A1 is larger than 3”, 0) would return “A1 is larger than 3”.
=IF(A4>3, “A1 is larger than 3”, 0) would return 0. ja

25. VLOOKUP or HLOOKUP Function
College of Engineering
SJSU
VLOOKUP or HLOOKUP Function
Vertical search
Horizontal search
=VLOOKUP(lookup_value, table_array, col_index_number, not_exact_match) finds the value in the top row of a table and returns the corresponding column value.
Lookup_value: The value that the function looks
for in the first column.
Table_array: The table that the function looks through.
Col_index_number: The column number from which the function should return (search for) the value.
Not_exact_match: Can be either True or False.
True means it will find the closest value to the
lookup value. False means you only want the value
returned if it is an exact match. ja

26. VLOOKUP Function - Example Q R S
Question: find the price for item with ID# 12 50 51 52 53
=VLOOKUP(lookup_value, table_array, col_index_number, not_exact_match)
=VLOOKUP(12,
Q50:S53
,2,
FALSE)
Answer = 14.33

27. College of Engineering
SJSU
HLOOKUP Function - Example
If range lookup is TRUE, the values in the first row of table array must be placed in ascending order: ...-2, -1, 0, 1, 2,... , A-Z, FALSE, TRUE; otherwise, HLOOKUP may not give the correct value. If range lookup is FALSE, table array does not need to be sorted.
Row 1 is not in ascending order
=HLOOKUP (12, A1:E3, 2, False) means that you are looking in the second row for the value corresponding to the value 12 in top row, and you are looking for an exact match to 12. This would return $14.33.
=HLOOKUP (10, A1:E3, 2, False) means that you are looking in the second row for the value corresponding to the value 10, and you are looking for an exact match to 10. Since there is no 10 in top row, it would return #N/A.
=HLOOKUP (50, A1:E3, 3, True) means that you are looking in the third row for the value corresponding to the value 50 in top row. Since there is no 50 in the top row, it returns the match corresponding to the largest value in the top row that is less than the lookup value of 50. In this case, it returns 8. ja