1. OA 1. Define Absolute Monarchy— Protestant Reformation –
Divine right of kings (176) —
2. What happened to those individuals who dared to question a monarch’s action? (176)

2. Glorious Revolution

3. Tudors
Henry VIII

4. Tudors Henry VIII Act of Supremacy
Becomes the head of the Anglican Church (Protestant Church)
To gain support of the Parliament, he sold the Catholic lands to its members.

5. Tudors
Elizabeth I

6. Tudors Elizabeth I Daughter of Henry 8th Removed Catholic laws
Supported the Church of England (Anglican Church)
Jailed Puritans

7. Stuarts
Charles I

8. Stuarts Charles I Believes in Absolutism
Absolute monarch
Did not allow Parliament to meet.
Bad relationship with the Parliament
He ruled without the parliament.

9. English Civil War/ English Revolution
Oliver Cromwell

10. English Civil War/ English Revolution
Oliver Cromwell
Military leader who fought and defeated the royalists (supporters of King Charles I) in the English Civil War.
Had Charles I executed!
He becomes a dictator
Gets rid of the Parliament.

11. Stuart Restoration
James II

12. Stuart Restoration James II He favored the Catholic church.
He wanted to rule without the Parliament.
Believed in Absolutism

13. Glorious Revolution
William of Orange

14. Glorious Revolution William of Orange
He worked with the Parliament to overthrow the King, James II.
Then signed the Bill of Rights.
Gave rights to the people and the power to the Parliament.

15. Section Title: The Glorious Revolution and Limited Monarchy
Section Dissection 2 Pg
Section Title: The Glorious Revolution and Limited Monarchy
Paragraphs 1-12

16. OA (pg 181) What was the Glorious Revolution?
2. What was the importance of the Bill of Rights?

17. OA 2 (pg 181) What was the Glorious Revolution?
William and the Parliament (Nobles) overthrew James II (King of England).
Bloodless Revolution
Signed the Bill of Rights
2. What was the importance of the Bill of Rights.
Gave power to the Parliament
Gave rights to the people

18. Glorious Revolution Conflict Between: Protestants and Catholics
Parliament and King

19. “English Bill of Rights”
1) According to #1, #2, & #4 what couldn’t the English monarch do?
2) What must the king do in order to pass laws?
3) What is the purpose of #8
4) What is #10 trying to protect the people from?
5) What are the main goals of the English Bill of Rights

20. The Enlightenment

21. Scientific Revolution
Period of time when Europe experienced great expansion of scientific knowledge.
Influences the Enlightenment
The power of human reason and its endless potential!
Nicolaus Copernicus & Galileo Galilei – sun was at the center of the universe (Heliocentrism)
Isaac Newton – laws of motion and universal gravitation
Edward Jenner — small pox vaccine

22. Natural Law
Natural Law – Rules discoverable by reason, govern scientific forces
For example, gravity and magnetism
What about social, economic, and political issues?
Reformers in hopes of finding advancements in society started studying human behavior
The Age of Enlightenment

23. Enlightenment
Cultural movement of intellectuals beginning in late 17th-century Europe emphasizing reason and individualism
purpose was to reform society using reason, to challenge ideas grounded in tradition and faith
Development of the idea of Natural rights

24. Philosophes
Enlighten thinkers of France that used reason to reform and improve government, law, and society (French thinkers/ intellects during the enlightenment)

25. Enlightenment Thomas Hobbes
Humanity in nature is selfish, cruel and ugly
People must give up their freedom for an organized society
Supporter of absolute monarchy!
Hobbes’ Social Contract: People surrender something of value in exchange for government provided service

26. Enlightenment John Locke Branches of government should exist
People have the right to rebel and form new government
All people had Natural rights – rights that belonged to all humans from birth (universal)
“Life, Liberty, and Prosperity”

27. Philosophes Montesquieu Division of the government
3 Branches: Legislative; Executive; and Judicial
Separation of powers, checks (limits) and balances

28. Philosophes
Rousseau
People were corrupted by society. And it was society that limited the human potential.
So the government must be chosen/elected by the people.

29. Women’s Voice Wollstonecraft Both men and women were created equal
Advocated rights for women
Ridiculed by the male dominated Enlightenment thinkers

30. Philosophes Voltaire Freedom of speech Freedom of religion
Separation of Church and State
When the two mixed there will be corruption and discrimination

31. New economic thinking
Adam Smith – English economist argued for free market in his book, “The Wealth of the Nation.”
Laissez Faire – “hands off” allowing business to operate with little or no government interference
Free market
Competition

32. Cultural Influences
Salons – informal social gatherings within the wealthy upper class’s mansions, where intellects exchanged ideas
Literature
Government and the Church felt threatened by the Enlightened thinkers
Censorship – Restriction to ideas and information
They created fictional tales to express their thoughts  Outpouring of Novels
Satire – Genre that mocks in purpose of social criticism

33. OA
What were the Enlightenment ideas?

34. Cultural Influences Art & Music
Baroque – Religious, grand, exaggerated, superfluous (fancy), and filled with excitement

36. Enlightenment influence Rococo – Art Style that moved away from the themes of religion. The artistic styles became lighter, simpler, and elegant.
New Art Style

38. Tell me what you know about the American RevolutionOA
Tell me what you know about the American Revolution

39. The New World

40. European Empires wanted a piece of the new pie

41. American Colonies
Britain and France fought one another in the Seven Years’ War ( ). One of the earliest global war.
Even though the British defeated the French in 1757, and won Canadian and Mississippi Territories the war had crippled both British and the French economically.

42. American Revolution
In order to pay for war costs and increase military defenses in their new territories, the British Parliament imposed the Stamp Act of The stamp act required printed documents to carry a stamp. Which one had to pay taxes to obtain.
Declatory Act, made it so that Parliament had the power to tax and make decision for all their colonies. New taxes on basic goods were passed.
People started smuggling and boycotting goods. This forced the British to send more troops and use great force.
Boston Massacre left five colonists dead

44. Declaration of Independence
Document that announced the thirteen American colonies, then at war with the Kingdom of Great Britain, regarded themselves as independent from Great Britain

45. U.S. Constitution
The supreme law of the United States Created with the ideas of the Enlightenment

46. Principles of Constitution
Popular Sovereignty
Rule by the people
power is vested in the people and that those chosen to govern, as trustees of such power, must exercise it in conformity with the general will.
Separation of Powers
Central gov. is divided by three branches: Executive, Legislative, and Judicial
the state is divided into branches, each with separate and independent powers and areas of responsibility so that the powers of one branch are not in conflict with the powers associated with the other branches.

47. Principles of Constitution
Checks and Balances
Each branch of the government exercise some control over the other
the powers of one branch can be challenged by another branch in order to stop one branch of the government from becoming too powerful
Limited Government
The Constitution specifically list the powers it does not have
Government. restricted with reference to governing powers by limitations

48. O.A. 4 Pictowords
Popular Sovereignty; Federalism; Separation of Powers; Checks and Balances
; Limited Government