1. Notes 19 Part 2
The 1980s and 1990s

2. Notes 19 Part 2 The 1980s and 1990s Key Terms
Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI)
perestroika
Iran-Contra affair
Tiananmen Square
Nelson Mandela
Operation Desert Storm
al Qaeda
Family Medical Leave Act
Contract With America
Kenneth Starr

3. Reagan Leads with “Peace Through Strength”
SDI-program that destroy any missiles before it reaches target
Afghanistan, Nicaragua, El Salvador-supported anti- communist
Gorbachev-Pres. Of USSR
Perestroika-reforming the Soviet system
Reagan and Gorbachev

4. Strategic Defense Initiative
Reagan’s SDI speech, March 23, 1983
From:

5. Reagan Leads with “Peace Through Strength”
Based on the information in the graphic, summarize Reagan's 'peace through strength' approach to national defense.

6. From: ARMING AMERICA: Attention and Inertia in U. S
From: ARMING AMERICA: Attention and Inertia in U.S. National Security Spending

7. Soviet ICBMs 1980s-90s
From, US Dept of Defense, Soviet Military Power, 1987:

8. Congressional Restrictions on Arms Sales in 1980s
Arms Export Control Acts
No arms sales to nations determined to be sponsors of terrorism (US State Dept determines which nations fit into this category; it included Iran)
No arms sales of over $25 m in value without congressional approval (1974); A 1976 bill lowered this to $14 m for sophisticated weaponry and $50 m for other items
Both the House and Senate would have to reject the arms sales

9. The Ultimate Example
Berlin 1987

10. Impact of the End of the Cold War
Berlin Wall came down
Eastern Europe gains freedom to have democratic government
1991-Boris Yeltsin established Russian Republic
Cold War was over

11. Impact of the End of the Cold War
Compare this map to a current map of eastern Europe. What has happened to these former communist countries since 1991?

12. U.S. Involvement in the Middle East and the Iran-Contra Affair
Terrorist attack in Berlin
U S bombed Libya
Terrorist attack in Beirut
Iran-Contra Affair-weapons to Iran to release hostages and money to fund Nicaragua Contras
Comparison to other scandals

13. The Iran Contra Scandal
Swiss bank
accounts;
controlled
by North
Private US $
Foreign Gov’t $
$$$
Hostages
weapons
Iran US
Israel

14. Bush Forges a New Role in the World
Tried to stop drug trafficking from Latin America
Manuel Noriega-Panama drug lord
Tiananmen Square-Chinese kill hundreds of protestors
Nelson Mandela-resistance leader to apartheid, democracy to S. Africa

15. The Persian Gulf War 1990-Saddam invaded Kuwait for oil wells
USA-17 million barrels a day
500K troops sent to Saudi Arabia
Operation Desert Storm American-led attack on Iraqi forces
Troops surrendered or fled setting fire to Kuwaiti oil rigs

16. Clinton Wins the 1992 Election
Recession hit in late 1991, Bush raised taxes
“New Democrat” Clinton- combination of liberal and conservative views
Ross Perot-independent self- funded campaign
Clinton wins

17. Clinton Intervenes With Mixed Success
Clinton wanted to protect Human Rights
Somalian Civil War-U S intervened to bring peace, after casualties U S withdrew troops
Haiti-sent troops to restore democratic president
Bosnia and Serbia-ethnic cleansing by Serbia encouraged U S to bomb Serbia, 98’ Kosovo
Rwanda Genocide-U S did not get involved, Tutsi eventually won

18. America and the Middle East in the 1990s
Clinton attempted to bring peace to Israel and Palestinians at Camp David- failed
93’-Al Qaeda bombed World Trade Center-killed 6 people
2000-USS Cole

19. Clinton Enacts New Domestic Policies
FMLA-guaranteed 12 weeks of unpaid leave for family medical
Healthcare reform failed
Victory: Brady Bill-gun control act
OK City Bombing and Columbine High

20. Republicans Lead a Conservative Resurgence
Gingrich-Contract with America-wanted to make government small and efficient
1994-Rep. win house and Senate
1996 Election-economy was booming
Clinton wins

21. Scandals, Impeachment, and Trial
Ken Starr-appointed prosecutor, sexual affair with an intern, Clinton denied under oath
House impeached Clinton for “perjury and obstruction of justice”
Not enough votes in Senate for impeachment-Clinton acquitted

22. Digital Technology Changes American Life
Personal Computers were created in the 1960s
Internet-was used by government, used by private sector in 1980s
1990-research tool and online database