1. Nuclear Proliferation and Arms Control (Part 4)

2. Arms Control vs. Disarmament
Any attempt to limit or
regulate the number or
the types of weapons that
nations can possess.
Disarmament:
Actions that reduce the
existing number of weapons
or that ban certain types of
weapons.

3. Bilateral Disarmament (U.S. – Russian Arms Control)
CFR Interactive: U.S. - Russian Arms Control

4. Strategic Nuclear Weapons
Long-range weapons usually
with destructive power over
one megaton.
Carried on ICBMs, bombers,
and submarines

5. Bilateral Disarmament START I and II Treaties (1990s)
(Strategic Arms Reduction
Treaties)
First agreements to reduce
strategic nuclear weapons.
Also eliminated all multi-
warhead missiles (like the
MX).
START I
START II

6. Bilateral Disarmament Moscow Treaty (2002)

7. Bilateral Disarmament Moscow Treaty (2002)
(Strategic Offensive Reductions
Treaty)
U.S. and Russia agreed to reduce
their deployed strategic warheads
by two thirds - to between 1,700
and 2,200 by the end of 2012.
Didn’t require the destruction of
any weapons -- allowed warheads
to be put in storage instead.

10. Bilateral Disarmament New Start Treaty, 2010
Obama and Russian
President Medvedev
signed New Start Treaty
in April, 2010.
CNN Coverage of Treaty
Announcement
New Start Treaty
Signing Ceremony
CNN Explanation of Treaty

11. Bilateral Disarmament Provisions of New Start Treaty
Limits U.S. and Russia to
1,550 strategic warheads
(30% reduction from the
current limits).
Limits launchers to 800
sub-based missiles, heavy
bombers, and ICBMs (50%
reduction from current
limits.
Provides for inspections to
verify compliance.

13. Senate Debate Over New Start Ratification
Anti- New Start Treaty Commercial
PRO New Start
Interview with H. Clinton and M.Mullin

14. December, 2010 Ratification of New Start
Senate voted to ratify
New Start Treaty.
Every Democrat and thirteen
Republicans voted to ratify.
The 26 no votes were all from
Republicans.
Report on Ratification of New Start Treaty

18. B53 Thermonuclear Bomb
Designed to destroy a city
9 megatons
10,000 lbs. Size of minivan
600 x more powerful than
Hiroshima A-bomb.
Would kill everyone within
10 miles.
Would destroy structures
within 15 miles.
Lethal burns from heat to
exposed people within 30
miles
340 built during Cold War.

19. Largest remaining bomb in U.S. arsenal is B-83 1.2 megatons.
Remaining U.S. H-Bombs
Largest remaining bomb in
U.S. arsenal is B-83
1.2 megatons.
80x more powerful than
Hiroshima bomb.
Average U.S. warhead today
300 kilotons
24x more powerful than
B-83 Thermonuclear Bombs

21. Tactical Nuclear Weapons
Short-range weapons designed
for use on the battlefield.
Destructive power ranges from
0.1 kiloton to 1.0 megatons.
Restrictions on tactical nukes?
None. Not covered by any existing
arms control treaties.

22. Tactical Nuclear Weapons

23. Tactical nuclear weapon test in Nevada

24. Tactical Nuclear Weapon Test

25. Review: Bilateral Disarmament
What’s the difference between arms control and disarmament?
What are strategic nuclear weapons?
Why were the START treaties of the 1990s significant?
What are the requirements of the 2010 New Start Treaty?
Has the U.S. Senate ratified New Start?
What are tactical nuclear weapons?
What are the existing limitations on tactical nuclear weapons?

26. Missile Defense

27. ABM Treaty (1972) (Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty)
Prohibited U.S. and USSR
from building national
missile defense systems.
Why?
Goal was to maintain
MAD.
Bush withdrew U.S. from
ABM Treaty in 2001.

29. Bush’s Missile Defense Plan
A limited missile defense
system to defend U.S. and
Europe against missiles
launched by states such as
North Korea or Iran.
Interceptor missiles
based in Alaska, California,
ships at sea, and Poland.
Interceptors programmed
to hit and destroy incoming
missiles in mid-flight.

32. What two
concerns
about missile
defense are
expressed in
this political
cartoon?

33. What
concern
about
missile
defense
does this
cartoon
express?

34. Does this
cartoonist
support
missile
defense?

35. Review: Missile Defense
What Cold War treaty prohibited missile defense?
Why was missile defense considered to be dangerous?
Why did President Bush withdraw the U.S.
from the ABM Treaty?
Explain how the missile defense system deployed by Bush is designed to work.