1. Construction Debris Best Management Practices

2. In This Lesson By the end of this lesson, students will be able to:
(Knowledge Level) list at least five materials types generally classified as C&D and describe the most common construction project that generates the type of material
(Comprehension Level) describe the key benefits associated with C&D recovery and recycling
(Application Level) examine a local C&D ordinance and share key areas that both positively and negatively impact diversion of C&D materials

3. Types of Construction Projects
Demolition
New construction
Alterations/Tenant Improvements
Roofing
Other

4. C&D Material Types Mixed Debris Wood Metal Cardboard Salvageables
Organics
Drywall
Concrete/plaster/dirt
Carpet
Roofing

5. Impacts of C&D Recycling
Estimated 70% diversion overall in U.S.
Saves 430 acres of landfill space
GHG reductions equivalent to 85 million barrels of oil
Directly supports 19,000 jobs
According to Study: Benefits of Construction and Demolition Materials Recycling in the United States, A CDRA White Paper – Executive Summary, by Timothy Townsend:

6. C&D Stakeholders Waste Generators Contractors Architects
Waste Haulers & Self Haulers
Recycling & Disposal Facilities
End Use Markets
Government Agencies
Regulators
Other Government Agencies
Green Building Association

7. C&D Recycling Facilities
C&D Mixed Processing Facilities
Source Separated Material Recyclers
Inert Facilities: Recycling & Disposal
Reuse & Resale Facilities
Chip & Grind Facilities

8. C&D Markets Traditional Markets Reuse Markets Non-Traditional Markets
Biomass Facilities
Compost Facilities
Landfill Beneficial Use
Future Market Opportunities
Complete the Circle: Buying Recycled

10. C&D Systems / Ordinances
Oversight & administration
Measurement & tracking
Best Management Practices

11. Administrative Considerations
Funding
Assigning Responsibility
First Year vs. Long Term
Top-Down Support
Other Sustainability Goals

12. Permit and Project Targets
80/20 Rule
By Project Category
By Value
By Square Footage

13. Goals Diversion & Sustainability Goals Tonnage Goals Inerts ADC
Landfill Beneficial Reuse
Recycling Hierarchy
Diversion Rate
AB939 Compliance
Reduce Landfill Disposal

14. Monitoring and Evaluation
Key to program success
Integration with Existing systems
Special reports
Project indicator agreement
Realistic goals
Carrot and stick approaches
Enforcement Mechanisms
Incentives
Technical Assistance

15. Measuring C&D Diversion Activities
Who Measures
How Do We Measure
What Counts/What Doesn’t Count
Individual Projects
Citywide Diversion
Other Ordinance Goals
Trend Analysis
System Efficiency

16. A Work in Progress…
Murphy’s Law
Phasing
Waivers
Ordinance Revisions

17. Best Management Practices
Highest & Best Use
LEED Certification
Source Separation
Deconstruction
Salvage
Mixed Debris Processing

18. Verifying C&D Processing Facilities
What?
Why?
Diversion Rates
Operational Practices
Tracking Systems
Sustainable Practices
Confirm accuracy of data
Weights &/or sampling process 
Identification of material type (incoming/outgoing)
Diversion rate(s) over time
Understand facility process & changes 
Understand variations in operations
Require procedures that conform to City goals
Compare “apples to apples”

19. Confusion About Mixed Processing Facility Practices
Ticket Coding & Scale Practices
Reporting Systems
End Markets
Manual vs. Mechanical Systems
Accounting for Source Separated & Stockpiled Materials
“Fines”

20. Initiate Policies That Foster Salvage and Deconstruction
Fast Track Plan Review Process For Select Practices 
Publicize Donation Tax Write-Off Benefits
Incorporate Timelines That Foster Salvaging and Deconstruction Into Procedures and Contracts
Distribute Salvage & Deconstruction Service Provider Information
Require Consideration of Salvage & Deconstruction, Where Appropriate, In Government Contracts
Ensure Appropriate Savage Activities When Altering Or Demolishing City Properties
Identify Purchasing Agency Practices That May Assist in Salvage Activities
Identify Policies That Discriminate Against Salvage & Deconstruction
Understand Economic and Diversion Rate Trade-Offs

21. Break the room up into 7 equal groups and assign each group a stakeholder category. Have each group brainstorm what their primary areas of oversight and concern would include (related to C&D Recycling) when planning to build a large commercial building complex. Then brainstorm steps to ensure the highest level of diversion. Report back and discuss.