1. The Deng Revolution Lynch Ch. 7
Mr. Parker
IBh2

2. Deng changed Mao’s policies and set China on a new path.
What were Deng’s aim in post-Mao China?
The abandonment of Maoism
Economic Reform
Pro-democracy

3. Abandonment of Maoism Failure and arrest of Gang of Four
Upon Mao’s death there was an assumption that Jiang and the rest of the Gang would assume leadership.
Instead they were arrested and put in jail.

4. Deng’s Rise to Power Deng outmanouevres opponents to become leader.
With arrest of Gang of Four, There was a political vacuum.
Deng moved to fill it.
Experience
Skill
Support of Party officials at all levels.
Relationship with the military.
Ended Famine
Economic Planner

5. The Third Plenum A Plenum was a full gathering of the Party
Restore and rehabilitate the Party
Confirm Deng as leader
Four Modernisations
Agriculture
Industry
Military
Education

6. Central Committee Resolution of 1981
“Drip effect”
Acknowledge Mao’s mistakes, but not a “de-Stalinization”
“Mao had been a great leader, but he had made mistakes, which China was entitled to correct.”
“…if we judge his activities as a whole, his contribution to the Chinese revolution far outweighs his mistakes.”

7. Trial of the Gang of Four
After their arrest, the trial was an opportunity to highlight the mistakes of the Cultural Revolution.
The trial was a public repudiation, but did not go as smoothly as the party had hoped.
Jiang Qing was defiant – “I was Mao’s bitch, whomever he told me to bite, I bit.”
They were found guilty, this officially ending the Cultural Revolution and Mao.

8. ECONOMIC REFORM
“It doesn’t matter if the cat is black or white as long as it catches the mice!” “One country, two systems.” “Seek truth from facts.” Deng

9. An economic pragmatist
If the market produced better results, then let the market operate.

10. Deng’s Coals Invigorate the domestic economy.
Open up to international trade.
Encourage individual enterprise.
Expand joint ventures between Chinese and foreign investors.

11. Agriculture Reform 1976-1984 End collectivisation Xiang System
Encourage private production.
Meet your quotes and pay your taxes, the rest is yours.
Concerns
While there was an end to collectivisation, land was still state owned.
Fifteen year leases, peasants didn’t trust the government.
Initial bump in production, followed by slump.

12. Industrial Reform First step reform and expand the education system.
Create Special Economic Zones to promote growth and investment
Autonomous from central planning
Commercial outlets
Tax benefits
Spearheaded by young and enthusiastic leaders – not fettered by dogma
All of this led to rapid development…

13. Economic Challenges No more “iron rice bowl”
Inflation up, real wages down
Urbanisation
Competition in the job market
Industrial boom, followed by a downturn

14. Pro-Democracy
To balance the 4 Modernizations, Deng proposed the 4 Cardinal Principles
Socialist Road
People’s Democratic dictatorship
Leadership by CCP
Commitment to Marxist-Leninism and Mao ZeDong thought
Necessary to resist Bourgeois Liberalization
Promote internal stability
Restore Morale and Standing of CCP

15. Desire for Political Reform
Calls for political reform to mirror economic reform – a fifth modernisation
Suspicion of the CCP – corruption and nepotism

16. Tiananmen Protests
Beijing was a center of pro-democracy – Democracy Wall
University professors and intellectuals
Urban professionals – lost career prospects

17. Deng’s Legacy
The strange mixture of economic freedom and political rigidity was the outstanding legacy of Deng Xiaopeng