1. BEHAVIOR DRIVEN DEVELOPMENT / TESTING (BDD)
Overview of Cucumber / Capybara

2. Behavior Driven Development/Testing
What is BDD?
The main focus is on the expected behavior of the application and it’s components.
User stories created and maintained collaboratively by all stakeholders
What are the benefits?
Define verifiable, executable and unambiguous requirements
Developing features that truly add business value
Preventing defects rather than finding defects
Bring QA involvement to the forefront, great for team dynamics

3. Cucumber Basics Testing tool based on BDD written in Ruby.
Tests are written in plain language called Gherkin based BDD style of Given, When, Then, which any layperson can understand.
Tests are grouped into feature files with .feature extension.
E.g. Feature: As a Myish user I should be able to login
Scenario: Successful login
Given I am on the Myish home page
When I fill in and password
And I click login button
Then I should be able to click on the profile

4. CAPYBARA
Capybara is a web-based automation framework used for creating functional tests that simulate how users would interact with the application
Capybara is library/gem built to be used on top of underlying web-based driver
Offers user-friendly DSL ( Domain Specific Language )
Supported driver
Rack::test
Default driver. No JavaScript support
Selenium-Webdriver
Mostly used in web-based automation FW
Capybara-Webkit
For true headless testing with JavaScript support

5. CAPYBARA: Basic DSL : Visit('page_url') # navigate to page
Click_link('id_of_link') # click link by id
Click_link('link_text') # click link by link text
Click_button('button_name') # fill text field
Fill_in('First Name', :with => 'John') # choose radio button
Choose('radio_button') # choose radio button
Check('checkbox') # check in checkbox
Uncheck('checkbox') # uncheck in checkbox
Select('option', :from=>'select_box') # select from dropdown
Attach_file('image', 'path_to_image') # upload file

6. Pre-requisites Java - JRE Ruby
RubyGems installation – use “gem install <name of gem>” command.
Cucumber
Capybara
Rspec

7. DEMO
Project Structure :

8. DEMO Project Structure :
Features – folder to host all your feature files.
Step_Definitions – folder to host all your step definition Ruby files.
Support – folder to host your configuration files (env.rb).
Gemfile – defines the top-level gems to be used in your project.

9. DEMO
Sample: simple_search.feature: – Describes the features that a user will be able to use in the program. Feature: As a user I should be able to perform simple google search. Scenario: A simple google search scenario Given I am on the main google search When I fill in "q" with "Cucumber test" And I click "gbqfb" button And I click on the first result Then I should see "Cucumber lets software development teams describe how software should behave in plain text."

10. Sample: search_step.rb – describes the actions that user will do for each step.
Given /^I am on the main google search$/ do
visit ('/')
end
When /^(?:|I )fill in "([^"]*)" with "([^"]*)"$/ do |field, value|
fill_in(field, :with => value)
Then /^I click "([^"]*)" button$/ do |button|
click_button(button)
Then /^I click on the first result$/ do
find(:xpath, "//html/body/div[3]/div[2]/div/div[5]/div[2]/div[2]/div/div[2]/div/ol/li/div/h3/a").click
Then /^I should see "([^"]*)"$/ do |text|
page.should have_content(text)

11. Sample: env.rb – hosts all configuration files
Project structure :
require 'capybara'
require 'capybara/cucumber'
Capybara.default_driver = :selenium
Capybara.app_host = "
Capybara.default_wait_time = 20
World(Capybara)

12. Sample: Gemfile – a format for describing gem dependencies required to execute Ruby codes
source "
group(:test) do
gem 'cucumber'
gem 'capybara'
gem 'rspec'
end

13. Main cucumber commands:
command to run the script :
cucumber features/<name of the feature file>.feature
command to generate the report:
run this command by going to your project directory
cucumber features --format html --out reports

14. RESOURCES: https://github.com/jnicklas/capybara
Useful resources (and lots of examples):
< awesome free eBook – fun to read, too.
< Liz really knows her stuff!
< go Team Declarative!