1. Biology in the 21st Century
SECTION
1.4
BIOLOGISTS’ TOOLS AND TECHNOLOGY
Power Notes
Biology in the 21st Century
CHAPTER 1
Tool or Technology
Details
Light microscope (LM) 1.
Scanning electron microscope (SEM) 2.
Transmission electron microscope (TEM) 3.
X-ray imaging 4.
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) 5.
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) 6.
Computer modeling 7.
Molecular genetics 8.
Copyright © McDougal Littell/Houghton Mifflin Company.
Unit 1 Resource Book McDougal Littell Biology
Power Notes 15

2. KEY CONCEPT Technology continually changes the way biologists work.

3. Imaging technologies provide new views of life.
A microscope provides an enlarged image of an object.
Compound light microscopes (LM) magnifies up to 1,500x
stoma
Uses light and two lenses, LIVING SPECIMEN

4. Imaging technologies provide new views of life.
A microscope provides an enlarged image of an object.
light microscopes (LM)
scanning electron microscopes (SEM) scans surface with electrons, occurs in a vacuum, non-living specimen
Magnifies up to 500,000x
stoma

5. Imaging technologies provide new views of life.
A microscope provides an enlarged image of an object.
light microscopes (LM)
scanning electron microscopes (SEM)
transmission electron microscopes (TEM)
Beam of electrons are transmitted
through the dead specimen,
Can see viruses, atoms and
Nanoparticles!
- Magnifies millions of times!
stoma

6. Imaging technology is used in medicine.
X-ray images
use x-rays (electromagnetic wave of high energy) to show dense materials, bones and teeth
- Does NOT show soft tissue

7. Imaging technology is used in medicine.
X-ray images
magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
Uses a strong magnetic field and a computer to show detailed images of organs and tissues

8. Imaging technology is used in medicine.
X-ray images
magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
functional MRI (fMRI)
Uses a magnetic field
To measure activity in
The brain

9. Complex systems are modeled on computers.
Computer models are used to study systems that cannot be studied directly.
heart attacks
Normal heartbeat
effect of medicines on the human body
movement of water molecules into and out of a cell
spread of a disease through a population
Heart attack
Computer models are used when experiments are not safe, ethical, or practical.

10. The tools of molecular genetics give rise to new biological studies.
A gene is a segment of DNA that stores genetic information.
Study and manipulation of DNA to gain information

11. Through our understanding of DNA, we can study genetics on a molecular level.
molecular genetics
genomics

12. Types of Microscopes used in Biology/The Tube that changed the World