1. ANALYSISI OF DIAGNOSTIC RECORDS

2. DIAGNOSTIC RECORDS DIAGNOSTIC CAST
RADIOGRAPHS : Lateral Cephalogram and orthopentomogram and others
PHOTOGRAPHS
OTHERS, According to case

3. DIAGNOSTIC CAST
Symmetry and Space
Space Analysis
Tooth Size Analysis

4. SYMMETRY AND SPACE
Can be checked with transparent ruled grid placed over the upper dental arch and oriented to the midpalatal raphe
Asymmetry within the dental arch, but with symmetric arch form, also can occur in severely crowded cases because of * lateral drift of incisors due to premature loss of primary canine * one permanent canine being blocked out of the arch while the other is in its normal position.
Drift of posterior teeth is usually caused by early loss of a primary molar, but sometimes develops even when primary teeth were exfoliated on a normal schedule.

5. SPACE ANALYSIS Space available – Space required = Space discrepancy
Space available calculation ` * Sum of linear segments of dental arch * Contouring flexible brass wire on contact points of posterior teeth and incisal edges of anterior teeth.
Space required calculation Sum of mesiodistal with of all teeth upto 1st molar.

6. FACTORS AFFECTINTG SPACE ANALYSIS
Anteroposterior position of incisor; i.e. proclined or retroclined incisors degree labially tipped incisor will require 0.8 mm space to upright and v. v.
Growth changes
Migration of lower 1st permanatnt molar
Curve of Spee Sum of C.O.S. depth of both side / 2 plus 0.5 mm = Space required to flatten the occlusal plane.

7. MIXED DENTITION SPACE ANALYSIS
Radiographic Method
Tanaka and Johnston Prediction Method
Moyers Prediction Method
Staley & Kerber’s Combination Method

8. RADIOGRAPHIC METHOD
True width of primer molar Apparent width of primary molar = True width of unerupted premolar Apparent width of unerupted premolar
Short comings of the method
Advantages

9. TANAKA & JOHNSTON PREDICTION METHOD
One half of the mesiodistal mm width of the four lower incisors mm
Estimated width of = mandibular canine and premolars in one quadrant Estimated width of = maxillary canine and premolars in one quadrant

10. ASHLEY HOWE’S ANALYSISS
Total Tooth Material : Sum of mesiodistal width of all teeth mesial to the 2nd molar
Premolar Diameter : Arch width between buccal cusp tip of right & left upper 1st premolars
Premolar Basal Arch Width : Arch width between right and left canine fossae. (If it is not identifiable then 8 mm apical to interdental papilla distal to canine.)

11. Ashley Howe’s Inference
If P.M.D.> P.M.B.A.W. :- Arch expansion is not possible
If P.M.D.<P.M.B.A.W. :- Arch expansion is possible
P.M.B.A.W. % = P.M.B.A.W. x Total Tooth Material If the ratio is less than 37% :- Extraction Case If it is between 37-44% :- Borderline case If it is above 44% :- Nonextraction Case

12. PONTS ANALYSIS
S.I. :- Sum of mesiodistal width of maxillary four incisors
M.P.V. :- Arch width between distal pits of right &left maxillary 1st premolars
M.M.V. :- Arch width between mesial pits of right and left maxillary 1st molars
C.P.V. :- S.I. x
C.M.V. :- S.I. x

13. Ponts Analysis Inference
If measured value is less than calculated value, expansion is needed.
The difference between calculated and measured value indicates amount of expansion required.

14. CAREY’S ANALYSIS
Arch length mesial to 1st mandibular molar is measured.
Mesiodistal widths of all mandibular teeth mesial to 1st molar is measured and is summed up.
If the difference between these two value is < 2.5 mm :- Non extraction Case o mm :- Borderline Case >5.0 mm :- Extraction Case

15. BOLTON’S ANALYSIS
Sum of mesiodistal width of Maxillary 12 teeth upto 1st molar
Sum of mesiodistal width of Mandibular 12 teeth upto 1st molar
Sum of mesiodistal width of Maxillary 6 anterior teeth
Sum of mesiodistal width of Mandibular 6 anterior teeth

16. Bolton’s Analysis Inference
Overall ratio= Sum of mandibular 12 x Sum of maxillary 12
Anterior ratio = Sum of mandibular 6 x Sum of maxillary 6
Normal value for overall ratio is 91.3 and for anterior ratio is By placing these value in the formula, discrepancy can be calculated.