1. CMIT100
Chapter 14 - Programming

2. Learning Objectives
Describe the differences between high level language and low level programming.
Discuss the evolution of programming languages with an examination of innovations in programming.
Introduce the types of programming language instructions.
Introduce through examples programming in both the Bash shell and DOS languages.

3. Does a System Administrator Program?
System Administrators are generally not developers
But…
May need to support/maintain/install in-house applications
Will likely create shell scripts or PowerShell scripts to automate administrative tasks

4. Low-level vs. High-level Languages
Machine language
Assembly language
High-level C
C++ C#
Visual Basic
And many more…

5. Machine Language Binary Native Language of the computer
Differs between processor types
Extremely difficult for humans

6. Language Translators
Translates from a higher-level language to the machine language of a given processor
Three types:
Assemblers
Compilers
Interpreters

7. Compiled Languages vs. Interpreted Languages
What’s the difference?
Examples of Compiled languages: C
C++
Examples of Interpreted languages:
Shell scripts
Windows Batch files
Perl

8. Assembly Language
Higher level than machine language but still considered low level
Easier for humans than machine language but still challenging
Allows for extremely efficient code

9. High Level Languages Human-like syntax Examples: FORTRAN (legacy)
COBOL (Legacy) C
C++ C#
Perl
Java

10. Object-Oriented vs. Structured Languages
Early languages were structured
Examples: C, Fortran
Modern Languages are Object-Oriented
Examples: C++, Java
Visual Programming
Integrated Development Environment (IDE)
Example: Microsoft Visual Studio

11. Types of Programming Statements
Input/Output Statements
Examples: OPEN, PRINT, READ
Selection Statements
Conditions (true/false)
If-then-else
Iteration Statements

12. Subroutines and Subroutine Calls
Allows for modular programming
Also known as functions

13. Scripting Languages Interpreted
Commonly used by System Administrators to automate tasks
Exist as executable text files
Integrated into all modern operating systems
Examples:
Linux Shell
PowerShell
Perl

14. LAB
“Hello World” Shell Script

15. Creative Commons Statement