1. The building blocks of life
Cells
Chapter 3
Eukaryotic Cells Slide 37-45
The building blocks of life

2. Prokaryotic Vs. Eukaryotic Cells

3. Prokaryotes vs. Eukaryotes

4. Biology, 9th ed,Sylvia Mader
Chapter 04
Eukaryotic Cells
Cell Structure and Function
Domain Eukarya includes:
Protists
Fungi
Plants
Animals
Cells contain:
Membrane-bound nucleus that houses DNA
Specialized organelles (possess many organelles)
Plasma membrane
Much larger than prokaryotic cells
Some cells (e.g., plant cells) have a cell wall

5. Eukaryotic Cells: Organelles
Biology, 9th ed,Sylvia Mader
Chapter 04
Eukaryotic Cells: Organelles
Cell Structure and Function
Eukaryotic cells are compartmentalized
They contain small structures called organelles
Perform specific functions
Isolates reactions from others
Two classes of organelles:
Endomembrane system:
Organelles that communicate with one another
Via membrane channels
Via small vesicles
Energy related organelles
Mitochondria & chloroplasts
Basically independent & self-sufficient

6. Organelles Cellular machinery Two general kinds Derived from membranes
Bacteria-like organelles

7. Bacteria-Like Organelles
Derived from symbiotic bacteria
Ancient association
Endosymbiotic theory
Evolution of modern cells from cells & symbiotic bacteria

8. Hypothesized Origin of Eukaryotic Cells
Biology, 9th ed,Sylvia Mader
Chapter 04
Hypothesized Origin of Eukaryotic Cells
Cell Structure and Function
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
Original
prokaryotic cell
DNA
1. Cell gains a nucleus by the
plasma membrane invaginating
and surrounding the DNA
with a double membrane.
2. Cell gains an endomembrane
system by proliferation
of membrane.
3. Cell gains mitochondria.
aerobic
bacterium
mitochondrion
4. Cell gains chloroplasts.
chloroplast
photosynthetic
bacterium
Animal cell
has mitochondria,
but not chloroplasts.
Plant cell
has both mitochondria
and chloroplasts.

9. Endosymbiotic Theory

10. Endosymbiotic Theory