1. A Seminar presentation on
“DIAMOND CHIP”
Presented By:
Raj Kumar Jain (EC08092)

2. Contents: Introduction. What is Diamond chip….? Invention.
Carbon nano-tube (CNT).
Diamond chip v/s Silicon Chip.
Conclusion.

3. INTRODUCTION Electronics without silicon is unbelievable.
Pure Silicon and Germanium are semiconductors . These were used widely for manufacturing of electronic components.
Disadvantages when used in power electronics application, such as:
1) bulk in size.
2) slow operating speed, etc.
Fig: Part of modern
periodic table

4. Contd…
Research people found that carbon has more advantages than silicon.
Using carbon as the manufacturing material, we can achieve smaller, faster and stronger chips.
Fig. : carbon atom

5. What is Diamond chip…?
Diamond Chip or Carbon Chip is an Electronic Chip manufactured on a diamond structure Carbon wafer.
Diamond structural carbon is non conducting in nature.
To make it conducting, doping process is performed.
Boron-- as the p-type.
Nitrogen--as the n-type.

6. Invention
Developed by Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation (NTT), Japan,
A diamond semiconductor operates on a 81 GHz frequency, and is more than twice the speed of earlier devices.

7. Carbon nano-tube (CNT)
CNT’s are allotropes of carbon with a cylindrical nanostructure.
CNT’s are Nano- dimensional tube made up of graphite layers.
Nanotubes have been constructed with length- to-diameter ratio of up to 28,000,000:1.
Fig. :- Structure of CNT

8. Importance of CNT’s in diamond chip
It will be the major component in the carbon chip.
We can realize carbon nanotube transistors and single molecular logic circuits using carbon nanotube.
It is also used for inter connecting various components.

9. Classification of CNT’s
(SWNT)
(MWNT)

10. Properties of CNT’s Average diameter of 1.2 nm-1.4 nm. Highly stable.
High current density.
Good thermal conductivity.
High tensile strength.
High density.
Twisting angle dependence.

11. Figure: Variation of band gap energy with twisting angle
BAND GAP α TWISTING ANGLE

12. Applications of CNT’s Interconnections inside the chip.
Carbon nanotube transistor (CNFET) manufacturing.
Molecular logic circuit.

13. Fig. :- Structure of CNFET Fig. :- Single Molecular logic circuit
Fig. :- CNFET on a Film

14. How nanotubes are useful in digital logic?
Simple inverter device consists of a nanotube FET and a large bias resistance: which converts a high input voltage to a low one –i.e., "one" to "zero" - and vice versa.
By adding an extra FET in parallel, the researchers made a NOR gate. This device needs two "zero" inputs to give a "one" output, or two "ones" to give a "zero”.

15. Diamond chip v/s silicon chip
There are several advantages of Diamond chip over Silicon chip:
Smaller components are possible.
It works at higher temperature.
Faster than silicon chip.
Larger power handling capacity.

16. Limitations of Diamond chip
Much more expensive than silicon.
Electricity cannot travel smoothly through diamond.

17. Conclusion
The chip would be most useful in critically high temperatures.
for ex. : devices located near hot-burning engines.
Thus Diamond Chip replaces the need of silicon chip in every aspect in future generations.

19. Query….???