1. The Future? Or the Past and Present?
Cloud Computing
The Future? Or the Past and Present?
Copyright © 2017 Curt Hill

2. Introduction
The Cloud is one of the noticeable features of the 21st century
The roots date back earlier but did not become important until the 2000s
The three components that enable
Fast and robust internet
Inexpensive commodity computers
Virtualization technology
Like the Internet it has enabled things little dreamt of before now
Copyright © 2017 Curt Hill

3. Roots
Cloud computing is a descendent of the 1960’s product of Time Sharing
The 1960’s also originated virtualization
The 1990’s added the needed telecommunication and the dominance of the powerful single chip computer
Copyright © 2017 Curt Hill

4. Setup The vendor has a quantity of computers in a server farm
They also have software that may be accessed from the network
Finally they have configuration tools that will automatically increase or decrease the resources available based on demand
When a customer’s needs change, because of traffic, the system accommodates this with a change in resources
Copyright © 2017 Curt Hill

5. NIST Definition
National Institute of Standards and Technology asserts that cloud computing has five characteristics
On-demand self service
Broad network access
Resource pooling
Rapid elasticity
Measured service
Let us unpack each of these
Copyright © 2017 Curt Hill

6. On-Demand self-service
The ability to increase or decrease the amount of computing capabilities may be done by the customer without needing the service provider’s people to be involved
These capabilities would include:
Amount of computing resources
Amount of disk storage
Copyright © 2017 Curt Hill

7. Broad Network Access
Generally, this is Internet accessibility with normal hardware and software
The things that can be done are done over the internet using standard mechanisms
Ordinary devices like laptops and smart phones
Ordinary applications like web browsers
Copyright © 2017 Curt Hill

8. Resource Pooling The vendor's computing resources are pooled
This gives the ability to serve multiple consumers
This uses a multi-tenant model
Everyone gets the same software and configuration
Physical and virtual resources are dynamically assigned based on the consumer’s demand 
Copyright © 2017 Curt Hill

9. Rapid Elasticity
Capabilities can be elastically provisioned and released
Usually automatically
This allows scaling to rapidly accommodate demand
The consumer can envision these capabilities as unlimited
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10. Measured Service
Automatically control and optimize resource use by using a metering capability
Resource usage can be monitored, controlled, and reported
This provides transparency for both the provider and consumer of the utilized service
Copyright © 2017 Curt Hill

11. Variations Most fundamental is Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
Next is Platform as a Service
Software as a Service is most complete
Copyright © 2017 Curt Hill

12. IaaS The vendor provides virtual hardware
CPU, Storage, Networking
Just the fundamentals
The client must provision these with an OS, Database servers and whatever other software is needed
Like all cloud computing the resources devoted to the client are metered and may expand or contract dynamically
Copyright © 2017 Curt Hill

13. PaaS Sits on top of IaaS Vendor now provides the OS and basic services
Database servers
Web servers
Programming languages and libraries
The client then uses this platform and adds anything that is not comparatively standard
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14. SaaS
Now the vendor adds the needed applications on top of a PaaS installation
The data and typically the data only is supplied by the client
Copyright © 2017 Curt Hill

15. Variants of SaaS Many variations DataBase as a Service (DBaaS)
Desktop as a Service
Storage as a Service
Logging as a Service
Among others
Copyright © 2017 Curt Hill

16. The Stack SaaS PaaS IaaS Applications OS and servers Virtual hardware
Copyright © 2017 Curt Hill

17. Advantages
The smaller business can gain a capabilities very rapidly without a substantial up-front investment
The {I/P/S}aaS vendor has already solved the serious technical problems and are the ideal solution for startup problems
If after growth the subscription costs become too high they may then buy the package for themselves
Copyright © 2017 Curt Hill

18. Disadvantages Customer data is stored in a remote location
The security of this data there and in transit is in question
If the vendor fails, what will be done?
For SaaS the customer cannot verify how the software works
Lots of trust involved
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19. Vendors
The largest provider of cloud services is currently Amazon Web Services
This is market where we can expect fierce competition
Microsoft, Google and many others intend to be players in this market
Copyright © 2017 Curt Hill

20. Finally
The client gets a very versatile system without up-front infrastructure costs
There are questions about the where-abouts and security of the data
The expected future of all of these is that they will increase in importance
Copyright © 2017 Curt Hill