1. Prognostic Significance of Impaired Baroreflex Sensitivity Assessed from Phase IV of the Valsalva Maneuver in a Population-Based Sample of Middle-Aged Subjects 
Antti M. Kiviniemi, PhD, Mikko P. Tulppo, PhD, Arto J. Hautala, PhD, Juha S. Perkiömäki, MD, Antti Ylitalo, MD, Y. Antero Kesäniemi, MD, Olavi Ukkola, MD, Heikki V. Huikuri, MD 
American Journal of Cardiology 
Volume 114, Issue 4, Pages (August 2014)
DOI: /j.amjcard
Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions

2. Figure 1
The measurement of BRS from the time series of systolic BP and RR interval by Valsalva method—phase I (left panel) represents an initial increase in systolic BP at the onset of straining, phase II a decrease in systolic BP because of decreased venous return followed by partial recovery, and phase III a sudden brief decrease in systolic BP after strain release. The Valsalva BRS was quantified from the systolic BP overshoot (phase IV) that started when systolic BP exceeded the value at the end of Valsalva strain and ended at the maximum systolic BP. The slope between RR interval and preceding systolic BP represents Valsalva BRS (right panel). R-Ri = RR interval; SBP = systolic blood pressure.
American Journal of Cardiology  , DOI: ( /j.amjcard )
Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions

3. Figure 2
Kaplan-Meier CV death-free survival curves for cases with and without impaired BRS by Valsalva method—the depressed Valsalva BRS was a significant predictor of CV mortality in the middle-aged subjects without a history of major CV complications.
American Journal of Cardiology  , DOI: ( /j.amjcard )
Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions