1. RPAS – legal frame work and normal use
Procedură internă
RPAS – legal frame work and normal use
Remus DOGARU
Romanian Civil Aviation Authority
Larnaca, Cyprus /
Iunie A - 20

2. Presentation content Terms / abbreviation used today Definition
Type and dimension
Area of activity
Aeronautical legal framework – EASA
Legal framework – Romania
Future intention for legal framework change

3. This “flight equipment” or “toys” is aircraft
We present the situation only for civil aircraft
State aircraft – army, police, and border
Legal base – ICAO Annexes and another documents issued by ICAO
RPAS, taking in consideration price and accessibility, became part of our life
Benefit and risk in case of use this new type of aircraft are similar
Industry request new legislation based on the analyses of the risk of operations 3

4. Terms / abbreviation used today
RPAS – remotely piloted aircraft system
UAV – unmanned aerial vehicle
UAS – unmanned aircraft systems
ICAO – International Civil Aviation Organization
UE – European Union
EASA – European Aviation Safety Agency

5. Definition
Aircraft: Any machine that can derive support in the atmosphere from the reactions of the air other than the reactions of the air against the earth’s surface
Aircraft — category: Classification of aircraft according to specified basic characteristics, e.g. aeroplane, helicopter, glider, free balloon
Autonomous aircraft: An unmanned aircraft that does not allow pilot intervention in the management of the flight
Autonomous operation: An operation during which a remotely-piloted aircraft is operating without pilot intervention in the management of the flight
Commercial operation: An aircraft operation conducted for business purposes (mapping, security surveillance, wildlife survey, aerial application, etc.) other than commercial air transport, for remuneration or hire 5

6. Definition
Remote pilot: The person who manipulates the flight controls of a remotely-piloted aircraft during flight time
Remote pilot station: The station at which the remote pilot manages the flight of an unmanned aircraft
Remotely-piloted: Control of an aircraft from a pilot station which is not on board the aircraft
Remotely-piloted aircraft: An aircraft where the flying pilot is not on board the aircraft.
Remotely-piloted aircraft system: A set of configurable elements consisting of a remotely-piloted aircraft, its associated remote pilot station(s), the required command and control links and any other system elements as may be required, at any point during flight operation. 6

7. Remotely piloted aicraft
RPA conducting autonomous flight/segments; or
Autonomous aircraft conducting remotely piloted flight segments
Unmanned Aircraft Vehicles (UAV)
Remotely piloted aicraft
Autonomous aircraft
Model aircraft
RPA used for recreational purposes; or
Model aircraft used for other than recreational purposes

8. Type and dimension
Nano-RPAS

9. Type and dimension
Boeing
BAMS*
*Broad Area Maritime Systems

10. Type and dimension
MQ-9 Reaper
 „Barracuda” 10

11. Type and dimension

12. Area of activity
22 august 1849 Austrian army attack Venice with balloons loaded with explosives (diameter 23 ft , detonate prin electromagnetism);
1930 first RPAS (radion control);
2006 first use in civil scope;
2011 first use in commercial scope;
Cinemas: 1989 “Back to the future II”; 2005 “Syriana”; 2008 “Misiune Imposibilă III”; 2015 “Eye in the sky”

13. Area of activity Aerial footage / aerial photography;
Inspections in inaccessible areas (energy transport lines, gas lines, offshore, wind etc.);
Transport of goods (cargo);
Providing information on traffic / shipping status intermodal connections in real time;
Precision agriculture;
Surveillance missions (land / air);

17. Aeronautical legal framework – EASA
Regulation (EC) No 216/2008 on common rules in the field of civil aviation and establishing a European Aviation Safety Agency, and repealing Council Directive 91/670/EEC, Regulation (EC) No 1592/2002 and Directive 2004/36/E
Commission Regulation (EC) No 2042/2003 on the continuing airworthiness of aircraft and aeronautical products, parts and appliances, and on the approval of organisations and personnel involved in these tasks
Part M – Annex I / Part 14 – Annex II / Part 66 – Annex III / Part 147 – Annex IV 17

18. 18

19. Legal framework – RPAS
COMMUNICATION FROM THE COMMISSION TO THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND THE COUNCIL “A new era for aviation – Opening the aviation market to the civil use of remotely piloted aircraft systems in a safe and sustainable manner” – 2014
RIGA DECLARATION ON REMOTELY PILOTED AIRCRAFT (drones) "FRAMING THE FUTURE OF AVIATION" – Riga, 6 March 2015
EASA “Concept of Operations for Drones A risk based approach to regulation of unmanned aircraft” – 2014
EASA “Proposal to create common rules for operating drones in Europe” – september 2015
EASA “Prototype” Commission Regulation on Unmanned Aircraft Operations – august 2016
EASA “Study and Recommendations regarding Unmanned Aircraft System Geo-Limitations” – october 2016
Final report “Drone Collision” Task Force – october 2016 19

20. Romania legal framework
Aerial code
Government Decision no. 912/2010 for approving the procedure for authorizing flights in the national airspace and the conditions under which civil aircraft taking off and landing can be made and from / to other land or water surfaces than certified aerodromes
Transport Minister Order No. 806/2007 for the approval of Romanian civil aviation regulation RACR-AZAC " Flying Admissibility to certain categories of civil aircraft“ (art. 4)
Romanian Aeronautical Civil Requirements RACR-AZAC " Flying Admissibility to certain categories of civil aircraft“ (Chapter 6 “Unmanned aircraft vehicles”)
Airworthiness Directive (DN) No "Issuing identification certificates for civil aircraft powered unmanned (UAV)" 20

21. Romania legal framework
Identification certificate for RPAS with MTOW below 2750 kg;
National flight permit (PZN) for RPAS with MTOW over 15 kg, but below 150 kg;
Insurance policy for RPAS with MTOW over 20 kg;
Flights must be announced at the Air Operations Center / Ministry of Defence
Approval from Ministry of Defence for aerial footage / aerial photography and flights below 300 m in case of Bucharest 21

22. Area of activity Aerial footage / aerial photography;
Inspections in inaccessible areas (energy transport lines, gas lines, offshore, wind etc.);
Transport of goods (cargo);
Providing information on traffic / shipping status intermodal connections in real time;
Precision agriculture;
Surveillance missions (land / air); 22

26. Future intention for legal framework change26

27. Cele 6 reguli simple de utilizare a RPAS-lor27

28. Question?