1. The Digestive System or
Alimentary Canal

2. What to think about….. What is the digestive system?
Why do we need it (what’s its function)?
How does it work?
What are the different parts and their functions?

3. Function
The digestive system is responsible for the physical and chemical breakdown of food so that it can be taken into the bloodstream and used by body cells and tissues

4. Of all the things we do, what requires energy?
Everything
In order to obtain energy we need
FUEL
How do we get this fuel?
We Eat

5. What does food provide besides just energy?
RAW MATERIALS- we need to grow, repair tissues, and make new body cells.
But before our bodies can use food it must be
broken down

6. Why Digestion?
Because food must be broken into smaller pieces that can fit inside a cell.
The small pieces of food that contains the chemicals the body need to stay healthy are called
Nutrients

7. The main nutrients that we need from food include:
Proteins
Carbohydrates
Fats
Vitamins
Minerals

8. Where is most protein found?
Proteins
                
Meat
Dairy
Proteins are the main structure of cells and tissues. It is usually used for repair and replacement of body cells.

9. Where are most carbohydrates found?
Pasta, Rice, Bread, Fruits
                                 
Carbohydrates are the body’s main source of energy.

10. 2 kinds of Carbs
Simple Carbohydrates- these carbs are your basic sugars that your body can turn into energy very quickly.
Complex Carbohydrates- these carbs include potatoes and foods made from grains. Requires the body break them down first. Also called starches.

11. Where are most fats found?
Dairy, oil, butter, meats, and especially fast foods.
Fat is a way that the human body stores energy. Too much can be unhealthy though.

12. 2 kinds of Fat
The fat that is liquid at room temperature and is found in vegetable oils and seeds are:
unsaturated fats
Fats that are solid at room temperature and are considered not good for you are called
saturated fats

13. The nutrient needed in small quantities in order to regulate body functions and prevent disease are called
Vitamins
Another substance needed by the body helps chemical reactions, builds cells, sends nerve impulses, and carries oxygen are
minerals

14. Parts of the Digestive System
Mouth
pharynx
Esophagus
Stomach
Small intestine
Large Intestine
Rectum
anus
Together this makes a tube called the:
Alimentary canal or digestive tract

15. About how long is the digestive tract?
30ft
Other organs attached to the digestive tract called accessory organs include the
pancreas
Salivary glands
Tongue
teeth
Liver
Gall Bladder

16. This is the opening to the digestive system.
Mouth
This is the opening to the digestive system.
What are 2 of the parts of the mouth that aid in digestion?
Salivary
Glands
TEETH

17. 2 kinds of Digestion
Mechanical
The physical breakdown of food into smaller parts by cutting and tearing it.
What part of the mouth does this?
TEETH

18. When food is broken down into smaller molecules is called
Chemical Digestion
In your mouth this is done by a liquid called
saliva

19. When food is swallowed, where does it go next?
Esophagus
What is the esophagus?
A tube that connects the mouth and the stomach.

20. How does food make its way through the digestive tract?
Peristalsis
What is peristalsis?
Waves of muscular contractions that move food through the digestive system.

21. 2. Which of the following is a liquid at room temperature?
A. Proteins
B. Saturated fats
C. Unsaturated fats
D. Vitamins

22. 2. Which of the following is a liquid at room temperature?
A. Proteins
B. Saturated fats
C. Unsaturated fats
D. Vitamins

23. 1. What are the chemicals your body needs to be healthy?
A. peristalsis
B. nutrients
C. organs
D. saliva

24. 1. What are the chemicals your body needs to be healthy?
A. peristalsis
B. nutrients
C. organs
D. saliva

25. 3. What connects the mouth to the stomach?
A. peristalsis
B. pancreas
C. esophagus
D. protein

26. 3. What connects the mouth to the stomach?
A. peristalsis
B. pancreas
C. esophagus
D. protein

27. 4. Which of the following is not a nutrient?
A. saliva
B. protein
C. fat
D. carbohydrates

28. 4. Which of the following is not a nutrient?
A. saliva
B. protein
C. fat
D. carbohydrates

29. A. Carbohydrate B. Peristalsis C. Mechanical D. Chemical
5. The type of digestion that breaks down food into smaller molecules is
A. Carbohydrate
B. Peristalsis
C. Mechanical
D. Chemical

30. A. Carbohydrate B. Peristalsis C. Mechanical D. Chemical
5. The type of digestion that breaks down food into smaller molecules is
A. Carbohydrate
B. Peristalsis
C. Mechanical
D. Chemical

31. 6. Which part of the mouth is responsible for mechanical digestion?
A. lips
B. tongue
C. saliva
D. teeth

32. 6. Which part of the mouth is responsible for mechanical digestion?
A. lips
B. tongue
C. saliva
D. teeth

33. A. Simple B. Complex C. Double D. Single
7. What do we call the kind of carbohydrate that is easy to get energy from, like sugar?
A. Simple
B. Complex
C. Double
D. Single

34. A. Simple B. Complex C. Double D. Single
7. What do we call the kind of carbohydrate that is easy to get energy from, like sugar?
A. Simple
B. Complex
C. Double
D. Single

35. 8. Which of the following is not connected to the digestive tract?
A. gall bladder
B. liver
C. pancreas
D. ureter

36. 8. Which of the following is not connected to the digestive tract?
A. gall bladder
B. liver
C. pancreas
D. ureter

37. 9. Which of the following is a good source of protein?
A. bread
B. rice
C. meat
D. potatoes

38. 9. Which of the following is a good source of protein?
A. bread
B. rice
C. meat
D. potatoes

39. 10. How does food makes it way through the digestive tract?
A. esophagus
B. peristalsis
C. mechanical
D. complex

40. 10. How does food makes it way through the digestive tract?
A. esophagus
B. peristalsis
C. mechanical
D. complex

41. Stomach has 2 valves/sphincters
Cardiac valve or cardiac sphincter, which connects the esophagus to the stomach
Pyloric valve or pyloric sphincter located at the base of the stomach and connects the stomach to the small intestines.
Both contract and expand to allow food to enter and leave the stomach.

42. How does mechanical digestion occur in the stomach?
squeezing
The stomach produces gastric acid that helps breakdown food.
The lining of the stomach contains folds called rugae that disappear as the stomach fills with food

43. What is gastric juice made of?
Enzymes
Pepsin starts protein digestion
Lipase starts chemical breakdown of fats
Hydrochloric Acid
Kills bacteria
Activates the
enzyme pepsin
Facilitates absorption of iron
This is what helps in the chemical digestion of food in the stomach.

44. A layer of mucus provides protection from acid for the stomach.
HCL is very strong acid. Why does it not harm the tissue of the stomach?
Mucus
A layer of mucus provides protection from acid for the stomach.

45. What is the condition when acid gets through the layer of mucus and damages the inside of the stomach?
Ulcer

46. As the food leaves the stomach, it has a new name called
Chyme
Chyme is a thin watery product that moves slowly out of the stomach and into the
small intestine

47. As food enters the small intestine, breaks down the fats and oils in the food.
bile
Bile is a greenish liquid that acts like soap or detergent in how it can break apart fats and oils. This liquid is made by the
the largest gland in the body, bile is stored in the
liver
gall bladder

48. Like the liver and gall bladder the is also connected to the small intestine, it is located behind the stomach.
pancreas

49. People who’s pancreas does not produce insulin have a disorder called
The pancreas produces enzymes to help digestion. It also produces a hormone called
insulin
Insulin allows for the absorption of glucose by the body’s cells. Without it, the cells can’t absorb their food.
People who’s pancreas does not produce insulin have a disorder called
diabetes

50. circulatory system
The is responsible for getting the nutrients from the small intestine out to the rest of the body.
But first the molecules of food have to get from the Small Intestine into the blood.

51. The inside of the SI is covered with small fingerlike projections called
Villi
The villi have capillaries running through them that can absorb the nutrients from the chyme.

52. Does the body use all the food it eats?

53. Some foods like cannot be digested.
cellulose
Some foods like cannot be digested.
Cellulose is a kind of carbohydrate found in fruits and vegetables (plants). Often referred to as fiber.
Fiber helps keep the digestive system running smoothly.

54. The part of the food (chyme) not used in the small intestine travels to the
Large
Intestine

55. There is a small organ attached to the large intestine called the
appendix
The appendix essentially has no function but can become infected and must be removed.

56. As the food moves Through the large intestine is absorbed.
water
As the water is extracted from the LI the waste product become more
solid
This waste product
is referred to as
feces

57. Where does the feces collect before removal from the body?
rectum
When enough is collected the brain is signaled for elimination.

58. Many bacteria live inside the digestive tract
Many bacteria live inside the digestive tract. Some help us digest food and other help produce
vitamins

59. Diverticulitis
An inflammation of the mucous membrane that lines the stomach and intestinal tract. Diverticulitis happens when feces get trapped in the pouches (diverticula). This allows bacteria to grow in the pouches. This can lead to inflammation or infection.

60. What is the food in the digestive tract called when the stomach passes it to the Small intestine?
A. Chyme
B. Bile
C. Insulin
D. Cellulose

61. What is the food in the digestive tract called when the stomach passes it to the Small intestine?
A. Chyme
B. Bile
C. Insulin
D. Cellulose

62. 2. What is the greenish fluid excreted by the gall bladder that breaks down fats?
A. Chyme
B. Hydrochloric Acid
C. Feces
D. Bile

63. 2. What is the greenish fluid excreted by the gall bladder that breaks down fats?
A. Chyme
B. Hydrochloric Acid
C. Feces
D. Bile

64. 3. Where is water removed from the chyme?
A. Pancreas
B. Stomach
C. Small intestine
D. Large intestine

65. 3. Where is water removed from the chyme?
A. Pancreas
B. Stomach
C. Small intestine
D. Large intestine

66. 4. What is the hormone that is responsible for absorption of glucose and a lack of it causes diabetes?
A. Chyme
B. Enzyme
C. Insulin
D. Hydrochloric Acid

67. 4. What is the hormone that is responsible for absorption of glucose and a lack of it causes diabetes?
A. Chyme
B. Enzyme
C. Insulin
D. Hydrochloric Acid

68. 5. What are the finger like projections in the SI where nutrients are absorbed by capillaries surrounding it?
A. Chyme
B. Pancreas
C. Villi
D. Cellulose

69. 5. What are the finger like projections in the SI where nutrients are absorbed by capillaries surrounding it?
A. Chyme
B. Pancreas
C. Villi
D. Cellulose

70. 6. What organ makes bile?
A. Pancreas
B. Liver
C. Stomach
D. Small intestine

71. 6. What organ makes bile?
A. Pancreas
B. Liver
C. Stomach
D. Small intestine

72. 7. What is it in the stomach that helps break down food?
A. Chyme
B. Gastric Juices
C. Insulin
D. Bile

73. 7. What is it in the stomach that helps break down food?
A. Chyme
B. Gastric Juices
C. Insulin
D. Bile

74. 8. What condition can happen if the stomach lining fails to protect the stomach?
A. Ulcer
B. Diabetes
C. Cellulose
D. Bile

75. 8. What condition can happen if the stomach lining fails to protect the stomach?
A. Ulcer
B. Diabetes
C. Cellulose
D. Bile

76. 9.What’s the correct order?
A. Mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, L Intestine, S Intestine, rectum, anus
B. Mouth, Stomach, Esophagus, S Intestine, L Intestine, pharynx, rectum, anus
C. Mouth, esophagus, pharynx, S intestine, Stomach, L Intestine, anus, rectum
D. Mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, S Intestine , L Intestine, rectum, anus

77. 9.What is the correct order?
A. Mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, L Intestine, S Intestine, rectum, anus
B. Mouth, Stomach, Esophagus, S Intestine, L Intestine, pharynx, rectum, anus
C. Mouth, esophagus, pharynx, S intestine, Stomach, L Intestine, anus, rectum
D. Mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, S Intestine , L Intestine, rectum, anus

78. http://digestive-system. emedtv. com/ercp-video/digestive-system-video